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Long-term risk of autoimmune diseases after mRNA-based SARS-CoV2 vaccination in a Korean, nationwide, population-based cohort study

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Listed:
  • Seung-Won Jung

    (Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine)

  • Jae Joon Jeon

    (Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine)

  • You Hyun Kim

    (Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine)

  • Sung Jay Choe

    (Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine)

  • Solam Lee

    (Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine)

Abstract

The long-term association between mRNA-based coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and the development of autoimmune connective tissue diseases (AI-CTDs) remains unclear. In this nationwide, population-based cohort study involving 9,258,803 individuals, we aim to determine whether the incidence of AI-CTDs is associated with mRNA vaccination. The study spans over 1 year of observation and further analyses the risk of AI-CTDs by stratifying demographics and vaccination profiles and treating booster vaccination as time-varying covariate. We report that the risk of developing most AI-CTDs did not increase following mRNA vaccination, except for systemic lupus erythematosus with a 1.16-fold risk in vaccinated individuals relative to controls. Comparable results were reported in the stratified analyses for age, sex, mRNA vaccine type, and prior history of non-mRNA vaccination. However, a booster vaccination was associated with an increased risk of some AI-CTDs including alopecia areata, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Overall, we conclude that mRNA-based vaccinations are not associated with an increased risk of most AI-CTDs, although further research is needed regarding its potential association with certain conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Seung-Won Jung & Jae Joon Jeon & You Hyun Kim & Sung Jay Choe & Solam Lee, 2024. "Long-term risk of autoimmune diseases after mRNA-based SARS-CoV2 vaccination in a Korean, nationwide, population-based cohort study," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-50656-8
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50656-8
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    1. Denis Mongin & Nils Bürgisser & Gustavo Laurie & Guillaume Schimmel & Diem-Lan Vu & Stephane Cullati & Delphine Sophie Courvoisier, 2023. "Effect of SARS-CoV-2 prior infection and mRNA vaccination on contagiousness and susceptibility to infection," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
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