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Diameter-dependent phase selectivity in 1D-confined tungsten phosphides

Author

Listed:
  • Gangtae Jin

    (Gachon University)

  • Christian D. Multunas

    (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute)

  • James L. Hart

    (Cornell University)

  • Mehrdad T. Kiani

    (Cornell University)

  • Nghiep Khoan Duong

    (Cornell University)

  • Quynh P. Sam

    (Cornell University)

  • Han Wang

    (Cornell University)

  • Yeryun Cheon

    (Cornell University)

  • David J. Hynek

    (Yale University)

  • Hyeuk Jin Han

    (Sungshin Women’s University)

  • Ravishankar Sundararaman

    (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute)

  • Judy J. Cha

    (Cornell University)

Abstract

Topological materials confined in 1D can transform computing technologies, such as 1D topological semimetals for nanoscale interconnects and 1D topological superconductors for fault-tolerant quantum computing. As such, understanding crystallization of 1D-confined topological materials is critical. Here, we demonstrate 1D template-assisted nanowire synthesis where we observe diameter-dependent phase selectivity for tungsten phosphides. A phase bifurcation occurs to produce tungsten monophosphide and tungsten diphosphide at the cross-over nanowire diameter regime of 35–70 nm. Four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy is used to identify the two phases and to map crystallographic orientations of grains at a few nm resolution. The 1D-confined phase selectivity is attributed to the minimization of the total surface energy, which depends on the nanowire diameter and chemical potentials of precursors. Theoretical calculations are carried out to construct the diameter-dependent phase diagram, which agrees with experimental observations. Our findings suggest a crystallization route to stabilize topological materials confined in 1D.

Suggested Citation

  • Gangtae Jin & Christian D. Multunas & James L. Hart & Mehrdad T. Kiani & Nghiep Khoan Duong & Quynh P. Sam & Han Wang & Yeryun Cheon & David J. Hynek & Hyeuk Jin Han & Ravishankar Sundararaman & Judy , 2024. "Diameter-dependent phase selectivity in 1D-confined tungsten phosphides," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-50323-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50323-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. B. Q. Lv & Z.-L. Feng & Q.-N. Xu & X. Gao & J.-Z. Ma & L.-Y. Kong & P. Richard & Y.-B. Huang & V. N. Strocov & C. Fang & H.-M. Weng & Y.-G. Shi & T. Qian & H. Ding, 2017. "Observation of three-component fermions in the topological semimetal molybdenum phosphide," Nature, Nature, vol. 546(7660), pages 627-631, June.
    2. Nitesh Kumar & Yan Sun & Michael Nicklas & Sarah J. Watzman & Olga Young & Inge Leermakers & Jacob Hornung & Johannes Klotz & Johannes Gooth & Kaustuv Manna & Vicky Süß & Satya N. Guin & Tobias Förste, 2019. "Extremely high conductivity observed in the triple point topological metal MoP," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-7, December.
    3. Sungwoo Sohn & Yeonwoong Jung & Yujun Xie & Chinedum Osuji & Jan Schroers & Judy J. Cha, 2015. "Nanoscale size effects in crystallization of metallic glass nanorods," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-6, November.
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