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Microwave-transparent metallic metamaterials for autonomous driving safety

Author

Listed:
  • Eun-Joo Lee

    (Kyung Hee University)

  • Jun-Young Kim

    (Kyung Hee University)

  • Young-Bin Kim

    (Kyung Hee University)

  • Sun-Kyung Kim

    (Kyung Hee University)

Abstract

Maintaining the surface transparency of protective covers using transparent heaters in extreme weather is imperative for enhancing safety in autonomous driving. However, achieving both high transmittance and low sheet resistance, two key performance indicators for transparent heaters, is inherently challenging. Here, inspired by metamaterial design, we report microwave-transparent, low-sheet-resistance heaters for automotive radars. Ultrathin (approximately one ten-thousandth of the wavelength), electrically connected metamaterials on a millimetre-thick dielectric cover provide near-unity transmission at specific frequencies within the W band (75–110 GHz), despite their metal filling ratio exceeding 70 %. These metamaterials yield the desired phase delay to adjust Fabry–Perot resonance at each target frequency. Fabricated microwave-transparent heaters exhibit exceptionally low sheet resistance (0.41 ohm/sq), thereby heating the dielectric cover above 180 °C at a nominal bias of 3 V. Defrosting tests demonstrate their thermal capability to swiftly remove thin ice layers in sub-zero temperatures.

Suggested Citation

  • Eun-Joo Lee & Jun-Young Kim & Young-Bin Kim & Sun-Kyung Kim, 2024. "Microwave-transparent metallic metamaterials for autonomous driving safety," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-49001-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49001-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hongchen Chu & Haoyang Zhang & Yang Zhang & Ruwen Peng & Mu Wang & Yang Hao & Yun Lai, 2021. "Invisible surfaces enabled by the coalescence of anti-reflection and wavefront controllability in ultrathin metasurfaces," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-7, December.
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