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Cross-species spill-over potential of the H9N2 bat influenza A virus

Author

Listed:
  • Rabeh El-Shesheny

    (National Research Centre)

  • John Franks

    (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Ahmed Kandeil

    (National Research Centre
    St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Rebecca Badra

    (Human Link)

  • Jasmine Turner

    (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Patrick Seiler

    (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Bindumadhav M. Marathe

    (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Trushar Jeevan

    (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Lisa Kercher

    (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Meng Hu

    (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Yul Eum Sim

    (High Point University)

  • Kenrie P. Y. Hui

    (The University of Hong Kong)

  • Michael C. W. Chan

    (The University of Hong Kong)

  • Andrew J. Thompson

    (The Scripps Research Institute)

  • Pamela McKenzie

    (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Elena A. Govorkova

    (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Charles J. Russell

    (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Peter Vogel

    (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • James C. Paulson

    (The Scripps Research Institute)

  • J. S. Malik Peiris

    (The University of Hong Kong)

  • Robert G. Webster

    (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Mohamed A. Ali

    (National Research Centre)

  • Ghazi Kayali

    (Human Link)

  • Richard J. Webby

    (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

Abstract

In 2017, a novel influenza A virus (IAV) was isolated from an Egyptian fruit bat. In contrast to other bat influenza viruses, the virus was related to avian A(H9N2) viruses and was probably the result of a bird-to-bat transmission event. To determine the cross-species spill-over potential, we biologically characterize features of A/bat/Egypt/381OP/2017(H9N2). The virus has a pH inactivation profile and neuraminidase activity similar to those of human-adapted IAVs. Despite the virus having an avian virus–like preference for α2,3 sialic acid receptors, it is unable to replicate in male mallard ducks; however, it readily infects ex-vivo human respiratory cell cultures and replicates in the lungs of female mice. A/bat/Egypt/381OP/2017 replicates in the upper respiratory tract of experimentally-infected male ferrets featuring direct-contact and airborne transmission. These data suggest that the bat A(H9N2) virus has features associated with increased risk to humans without a shift to a preference for α2,6 sialic acid receptors.

Suggested Citation

  • Rabeh El-Shesheny & John Franks & Ahmed Kandeil & Rebecca Badra & Jasmine Turner & Patrick Seiler & Bindumadhav M. Marathe & Trushar Jeevan & Lisa Kercher & Meng Hu & Yul Eum Sim & Kenrie P. Y. Hui & , 2024. "Cross-species spill-over potential of the H9N2 bat influenza A virus," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-47635-4
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47635-4
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