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How heat propagates in liquid 3He

Author

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  • Kamran Behnia

    ((ESPCI - CNRS - Sorbonne Université), PSL Research University)

  • Kostya Trachenko

    (Queen Mary University of London)

Abstract

In Landau’s Fermi liquid picture, transport is governed by scattering between quasi-particles. The normal liquid 3He conforms to this picture but only at very low temperature. Here, we show that the deviation from the standard behavior is concomitant with the fermion-fermion scattering time falling below the Planckian time, $$\frac{\hslash }{{k}_{{{{{{{{\rm{B}}}}}}}}}T}$$ ℏ k B T and the thermal diffusivity of this quantum liquid is bounded by a minimum set by fundamental physical constants and observed in classical liquids. This points to collective excitations (a sound mode) as carriers of heat. We propose that this mode has a wavevector of 2kF and a mean free path equal to the de Broglie thermal length. This would provide an additional conducting channel with a T 1/2 temperature dependence, matching what is observed by experiments. The experimental data from 0.007 K to 3 K can be accounted for, with a margin of 10%, if thermal conductivity is the sum of two contributions: one by quasi-particles (varying as the inverse of temperature) and another by sound (following the square root of temperature).

Suggested Citation

  • Kamran Behnia & Kostya Trachenko, 2024. "How heat propagates in liquid 3He," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-7, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-46079-0
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46079-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. K. Schwab & E. A. Henriksen & J. M. Worlock & M. L. Roukes, 2000. "Measurement of the quantum of thermal conductance," Nature, Nature, vol. 404(6781), pages 974-977, April.
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