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Surrounding greenness is associated with lower risk and burden of low birth weight in Iran

Author

Listed:
  • Siqi Luo

    (Wuhan University of Science and Technology)

  • Yaqi Wang

    (Wuhan University of Science and Technology)

  • Fatemeh Mayvaneh

    (Hakim Sabzevari University)

  • Helder Relvas

    (University of Aveiro)

  • Mohammad Baaghideh

    (Hakim Sabzevari University)

  • Kai Wang

    (Wuhan University of Science and Technology)

  • Yang Yuan

    (Wuhan University of Science and Technology)

  • Zhouxin Yin

    (Wuhan University of Science and Technology)

  • Yunquan Zhang

    (Wuhan University of Science and Technology)

Abstract

The nexus between prenatal greenspace exposure and low birth weight (LBW) remains largely unstudied in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We investigated a nationwide retrospective cohort of 4,021,741 live births (263,728 LBW births) across 31 provinces in Iran during 2013–2018. Greenness exposure during pregnancy was assessed using satellite-based normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI). We estimated greenness-LBW associations using multiple logistic models, and quantified avoidable LBW cases under scenarios of improved greenspace through counterfactual analyses. Association analyses provide consistent evidence for approximately L-shaped exposure-response functions, linking 7.0–11.5% declines in the odds of LBW to each 0.1-unit rise in NDVI/EVI with multiple buffers. Assuming causality, 3931–5099 LBW births can be avoided by achieving greenness targets of mean NDVI/EVI, amounting to 4.4–5.6% of total LBW births in 2015. Our findings suggest potential health benefits of improved greenspace in lowering LBW risk and burden in LMICs.

Suggested Citation

  • Siqi Luo & Yaqi Wang & Fatemeh Mayvaneh & Helder Relvas & Mohammad Baaghideh & Kai Wang & Yang Yuan & Zhouxin Yin & Yunquan Zhang, 2023. "Surrounding greenness is associated with lower risk and burden of low birth weight in Iran," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-43425-6
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43425-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Joan A. Casey & Peter James & Kara E. Rudolph & Chih-Da Wu & Brian S. Schwartz, 2016. "Greenness and Birth Outcomes in a Range of Pennsylvania Communities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-15, March.
    2. Kelvin C. Fong & Itai Kloog & Brent A. Coull & Petros Koutrakis & Francine Laden & Joel D. Schwartz & Peter James, 2018. "Residential Greenness and Birthweight in the State of Massachusetts, USA," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-15, June.
    3. Tao Xue & Mingkun Tong & Jiajianghui Li & Ruohan Wang & Tianjia Guan & Jiwei Li & Pengfei Li & Hengyi Liu & Hong Lu & Yanshun Li & Tong Zhu, 2022. "Estimation of stillbirths attributable to ambient fine particles in 137 countries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    4. Matthew Browning & Kangjae Lee, 2017. "Within What Distance Does “Greenness” Best Predict Physical Health? A Systematic Review of Articles with GIS Buffer Analyses across the Lifespan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-21, June.
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