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Two-photon nanoprobes based on bioorganic nanoarchitectonics with a photo-oxidation enhanced emission mechanism

Author

Listed:
  • Shukun Li

    (Institute of Process Engineering
    Eindhoven University of Technology)

  • Rui Chang

    (Institute of Process Engineering)

  • Luyang Zhao

    (Institute of Process Engineering)

  • Ruirui Xing

    (Institute of Process Engineering
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Jan C. M. Hest

    (Eindhoven University of Technology)

  • Xuehai Yan

    (Institute of Process Engineering
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Abstract

Two-photon absorption (TPA) fluorescence imaging holds great promise in diagnostics and biomedicine owing to its unparalleled spatiotemporal resolution. However, the adaptability and applicability of currently available TPA probes, which act as a critical element for determining the imaging contrast effect, is severely challenged by limited photo-luminescence in vivo. This is particularly a result of uncontrollable aggregation that causes fluorescence quenching, and inevitable photo-oxidation in harsh physiological milieu, which normally leads to bleaching of the dye. Herein, we describe the remarkably enhanced TPA fluorescence imaging capacity of self-assembling near-infrared (NIR) cyanine dye-based nanoprobes (NPs), which can be explained by a photo-oxidation enhanced emission mechanism. Singlet oxygen generated during photo-oxidation enables chromophore dimerization to form TPA intermediates responsible for enhanced TPA fluorescence emission. The resulting NPs possess uniform size distribution, excellent stability, more favorable TPA cross-section and anti-bleaching ability than a popular TPA probe rhodamine B (RhB). These properties of cyanine dye-based TPA NPs promote their applications in visualizing blood circulation and tumoral accumulation in real-time, even to cellular imaging in vivo. The photo-oxidation enhanced emission mechanism observed in these near-infrared cyanine dye-based nanoaggregates opens an avenue for design and development of more advanced TPA fluorescence probes.

Suggested Citation

  • Shukun Li & Rui Chang & Luyang Zhao & Ruirui Xing & Jan C. M. Hest & Xuehai Yan, 2023. "Two-photon nanoprobes based on bioorganic nanoarchitectonics with a photo-oxidation enhanced emission mechanism," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-40897-4
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40897-4
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