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A highly potent human neutralizing antibody prevents vertical transmission of Rift Valley fever virus in a rat model

Author

Listed:
  • Cynthia M. McMillen

    (University of Pittsburgh, Center for Vaccine Research
    University of Pittsburgh, Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health)

  • Nathaniel S. Chapman

    (Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology)

  • Ryan M. Hoehl

    (University of Pittsburgh, Center for Vaccine Research)

  • Lauren B. Skvarca

    (University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Magee-Womens Hospital, Department of Pathology)

  • Madeline M. Schwarz

    (University of Pittsburgh, Center for Vaccine Research
    University of Pittsburgh, Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health)

  • Laura S. Handal

    (Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Vaccine Center)

  • James E. Crowe

    (Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology
    Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Vaccine Center
    Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics)

  • Amy L. Hartman

    (University of Pittsburgh, Center for Vaccine Research
    University of Pittsburgh, Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health)

Abstract

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an emerging mosquito-transmitted virus that circulates in livestock and humans in Africa and the Middle East. Outbreaks lead to high rates of miscarriages in domesticated livestock. Women are also at risk of vertical virus transmission and late-term miscarriages. MAb RVFV-268 is a highly potent recombinant neutralizing human monoclonal antibody that targets RVFV. Here we show that mAb RVFV-268 reduces viral replication in rat placenta explant cultures and prevents vertical transmission in a rat model of congenital RVF. Passive transfer of mAb RVFV-268 from mother to fetus occurs as early as 6 h after administration and persists through 24 h. Administering mAb RVFV-268 2 h prior to RVFV challenge or 24 h post-challenge protects the dams and offspring from RVFV infection. These findings support mAb RVFV-268 as a pre- and post-infection treatment to subvert RVFV infection and vertical transmission, thus protecting the mother and offspring.

Suggested Citation

  • Cynthia M. McMillen & Nathaniel S. Chapman & Ryan M. Hoehl & Lauren B. Skvarca & Madeline M. Schwarz & Laura S. Handal & James E. Crowe & Amy L. Hartman, 2023. "A highly potent human neutralizing antibody prevents vertical transmission of Rift Valley fever virus in a rat model," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-40187-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40187-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Benjamin Gutjahr & Markus Keller & Melanie Rissmann & Felicitas von Arnim & Susanne Jäckel & Sven Reiche & Reiner Ulrich & Martin H Groschup & Martin Eiden, 2020. "Two monoclonal antibodies against glycoprotein Gn protect mice from Rift Valley Fever challenge by cooperative effects," PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(3), pages 1-18, March.
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