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Fast and slow intraplate ruptures during the 19 October 2020 magnitude 7.6 Shumagin earthquake

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  • Yefei Bai

    (Zhejiang University
    Zhejiang University)

  • Chengli Liu

    (China University of Geosciences)

  • Thorne Lay

    (University of California Santa Cruz)

  • Kwok Fai Cheung

    (University of Hawaii at Manoa)

  • Yoshiki Yamazaki

    (University of Hawaii at Manoa)

Abstract

Strong tsunami excitation from slow rupture of shallow subduction zone faults is recognized as a key concern for tsunami hazard assessment. Three months after the 22 July 2020 magnitude 7.8 thrust earthquake struck the plate boundary below the Shumagin Islands, Alaska, a magnitude 7.6 aftershock ruptured with complex intraplate faulting. Despite the smaller size and predominantly strike-slip faulting mechanism inferred from seismic waves for the aftershock, it generated much larger tsunami waves than the mainshock. Here we show through detailed analysis of seismic, geodetic, and tsunami observations of the aftershock that the event implicated unprecedented source complexity, involving weakly tsunamigenic fast rupture of two intraplate faults located below and most likely above the plate boundary, along with induced strongly tsunamigenic slow thrust slip on a third fault near the shelf break likely striking nearly perpendicular to the trench. The thrust slip took over 5 min, giving no clear expression in seismic or geodetic observations while producing the sizeable far-field tsunami.

Suggested Citation

  • Yefei Bai & Chengli Liu & Thorne Lay & Kwok Fai Cheung & Yoshiki Yamazaki, 2023. "Fast and slow intraplate ruptures during the 19 October 2020 magnitude 7.6 Shumagin earthquake," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-37731-2
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37731-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bin Zhao & Roland Bürgmann & Dongzhen Wang & Jian Zhang & Jiansheng Yu & Qi Li, 2022. "Aseismic slip and recent ruptures of persistent asperities along the Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Charles J. Ammon & Hiroo Kanamori & Thorne Lay, 2008. "A great earthquake doublet and seismic stress transfer cycle in the central Kuril islands," Nature, Nature, vol. 451(7178), pages 561-565, January.
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