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Unconventional exciton evolution from the pseudogap to superconducting phases in cuprates

Author

Listed:
  • A. Singh

    (National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center)

  • H. Y. Huang

    (National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center)

  • J. D. Xie

    (National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University)

  • J. Okamoto

    (National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center)

  • C. T. Chen

    (National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center)

  • T. Watanabe

    (Hirosaki University)

  • A. Fujimori

    (National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center
    National Tsing Hua University
    University of Tokyo)

  • M. Imada

    (Waseda University
    Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute)

  • D. J. Huang

    (National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center
    National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
    National Tsing Hua University)

Abstract

Electron quasiparticles play a crucial role in simplifying the description of many-body physics in solids with surprising success. Conventional Landau’s Fermi-liquid and quasiparticle theories for high-temperature superconducting cuprates have, however, received skepticism from various angles. A path-breaking framework of electron fractionalization has been established to replace the Fermi-liquid theory for systems that show the fractional quantum Hall effect and the Mott insulating phenomena; whether it captures the essential physics of the pseudogap and superconducting phases of cuprates is still an open issue. Here, we show that excitonic excitation of optimally doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ with energy far above the superconducting-gap energy scale, about 1 eV or even higher, is unusually enhanced by the onset of superconductivity. Our finding proves the involvement of such high-energy excitons in superconductivity. Therefore, the observed enhancement in the spectral weight of excitons imposes a crucial constraint on theories for the pseudogap and superconducting mechanisms. A simple two-component fermion model which embodies electron fractionalization in the pseudogap state provides a possible mechanism of this enhancement, pointing toward a novel route for understanding the electronic structure of superconducting cuprates.

Suggested Citation

  • A. Singh & H. Y. Huang & J. D. Xie & J. Okamoto & C. T. Chen & T. Watanabe & A. Fujimori & M. Imada & D. J. Huang, 2022. "Unconventional exciton evolution from the pseudogap to superconducting phases in cuprates," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-35210-8
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35210-8
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