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Ozone impact from solar energetic particles cools the polar stratosphere

Author

Listed:
  • Monika E. Szela̧g

    (Finnish Meteorological Institute)

  • Daniel R. Marsh

    (National Center for Atmospheric Research
    University of Leeds)

  • Pekka T. Verronen

    (Finnish Meteorological Institute
    University of Oulu)

  • Annika Seppälä

    (University of Otago)

  • Niilo Kalakoski

    (Finnish Meteorological Institute)

Abstract

Understanding atmospheric impacts of solar energetic particle precipitation (EPP) remains challenging, from quantification of the response in ozone, to implications on temperature. Both are necessary to understand links between EPP and regional climate variability. Here we use a chemistry-climate model to assess the importance of EPP on late winter/spring polar stratosphere. In transient simulations, the impact on NOy, ozone, and temperature is underestimated when using EPP forcing from the current recommendation of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). The resulting temperature response is largely masked by overall dynamical variability. An idealised experiment with EPP forcing that reproduces observed levels of NOy results in a significant reduction of ozone (up to 25%), cooling the stratosphere (up to 3 K) during late winter/spring. Our results unravel the inconsistency regarding the temperature response to EPP-driven springtime ozone decrease, and highlight the need for an improved EPP forcing in climate simulations.

Suggested Citation

  • Monika E. Szela̧g & Daniel R. Marsh & Pekka T. Verronen & Annika Seppälä & Niilo Kalakoski, 2022. "Ozone impact from solar energetic particles cools the polar stratosphere," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-34666-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34666-y
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    Cited by:

    1. Hannah E. Kessenich & Annika Seppälä & Craig J. Rodger, 2023. "Potential drivers of the recent large Antarctic ozone holes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.

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