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Fertilization mode differentially impacts the evolution of vertebrate sperm components

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  • Ariel F. Kahrl

    (Stockholm University
    Hamilton College)

  • Rhonda R. Snook

    (Stockholm University)

  • John L. Fitzpatrick

    (Stockholm University)

Abstract

Environmental change frequently drives morphological diversification, including at the cellular level. Transitions in the environment where fertilization occurs (i.e., fertilization mode) are hypothesized to be a driver of the extreme diversity in sperm morphology observed in animals. Yet how fertilization mode impacts the evolution of sperm components—head, midpiece, and flagellum—each with different functional roles that must act as an integrated unit remains unclear. Here, we test this hypothesis by examining the evolution of sperm component lengths across 1103 species of vertebrates varying in fertilization mode (external vs. internal fertilization). Sperm component length is explained in part by fertilization mode across vertebrates, but how fertilization mode influences sperm evolution varies among sperm components and vertebrate clades. We also identify evolutionary responses not influenced by fertilization mode: midpieces evolve rapidly in both external and internal fertilizers. Fertilization mode thus influences vertebrate sperm evolution through complex component- and clade-specific evolutionary responses.

Suggested Citation

  • Ariel F. Kahrl & Rhonda R. Snook & John L. Fitzpatrick, 2022. "Fertilization mode differentially impacts the evolution of vertebrate sperm components," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-34609-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34609-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Samuel H. Church & Seth Donoughe & Bruno A. S. de Medeiros & Cassandra G. Extavour, 2019. "Insect egg size and shape evolve with ecology but not developmental rate," Nature, Nature, vol. 571(7763), pages 58-62, July.
    2. Leigh W. Simmons & John L. Fitzpatrick, 2019. "Female genitalia can evolve more rapidly and divergently than male genitalia," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-8, December.
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