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Serum neutralization activity declines but memory B cells persist after cure of chronic hepatitis C

Author

Listed:
  • Akira Nishio

    (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, DHHS)

  • Sharika Hasan

    (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, DHHS)

  • Heiyoung Park

    (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, DHHS)

  • Nana Park

    (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, DHHS)

  • Jordan H. Salas

    (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

  • Eduardo Salinas

    (Emory University School of Medicine
    Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory Vaccine Center)

  • Lela Kardava

    (National Institutes of Health, DHHS)

  • Paul Juneau

    (Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health
    Contractor- Zimmerman Associates, Inc)

  • Nicole Frumento

    (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

  • Guido Massaccesi

    (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

  • Susan Moir

    (National Institutes of Health, DHHS)

  • Justin R. Bailey

    (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

  • Arash Grakoui

    (Emory University School of Medicine
    Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory Vaccine Center)

  • Marc G. Ghany

    (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, DHHS)

  • Barbara Rehermann

    (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, DHHS)

Abstract

The increasing incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections underscores the need for an effective vaccine. Successful vaccines to other viruses generally depend on a long-lasting humoral response. However, data on the half-life of HCV-specific responses are lacking. Here we study archived sera and mononuclear cells that were prospectively collected up to 18 years after cure of chronic HCV infection to determine the role of HCV antigen in maintaining neutralizing antibody and B cell responses. We show that HCV-neutralizing activity decreases rapidly in potency and breadth after curative treatment. In contrast, HCV-specific memory B cells persist, and display a restored resting phenotype, normalized chemokine receptor expression and preserved ability to differentiate into antibody-secreting cells. The short half-life of HCV-neutralizing activity is consistent with a lack of long-lived plasma cells. The persistence of HCV-specific memory B cells and the reduced inflammation after cure provide an opportunity for vaccination to induce protective immunity against re-infection.

Suggested Citation

  • Akira Nishio & Sharika Hasan & Heiyoung Park & Nana Park & Jordan H. Salas & Eduardo Salinas & Lela Kardava & Paul Juneau & Nicole Frumento & Guido Massaccesi & Susan Moir & Justin R. Bailey & Arash G, 2022. "Serum neutralization activity declines but memory B cells persist after cure of chronic hepatitis C," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-16, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-33035-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33035-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Erika Hammarlund & Archana Thomas & Ian J. Amanna & Lindsay A. Holden & Ov D. Slayden & Byung Park & Lina Gao & Mark K. Slifka, 2017. "Plasma cell survival in the absence of B cell memory," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-11, December.
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