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Duration of mRNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 subvariants in Qatar

Author

Listed:
  • Hiam Chemaitelly

    (Cornell University
    Cornell University
    Cornell University)

  • Houssein H. Ayoub

    (Qatar University)

  • Sawsan AlMukdad

    (Cornell University
    Cornell University)

  • Peter Coyle

    (Hamad Medical Corporation
    Qatar University
    Queens University)

  • Patrick Tang

    (Sidra Medicine)

  • Hadi M. Yassine

    (Qatar University
    Qatar University)

  • Hebah A. Al-Khatib

    (Qatar University
    Qatar University)

  • Maria K. Smatti

    (Qatar University
    Qatar University)

  • Mohammad R. Hasan

    (Sidra Medicine)

  • Zaina Al-Kanaani

    (Hamad Medical Corporation)

  • Einas Al-Kuwari

    (Hamad Medical Corporation)

  • Andrew Jeremijenko

    (Hamad Medical Corporation)

  • Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal

    (Hamad Medical Corporation)

  • Ali Nizar Latif

    (Hamad Medical Corporation)

  • Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik

    (Hamad Medical Corporation)

  • Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim

    (Qatar University)

  • Gheyath K. Nasrallah

    (Qatar University
    Qatar University)

  • Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari

    (Primary Health Care Corporation)

  • Adeel A. Butt

    (Cornell University
    Hamad Medical Corporation
    Cornell University)

  • Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi

    (Ministry of Public Health)

  • Mohamed H. Al-Thani

    (Ministry of Public Health)

  • Abdullatif Al-Khal

    (Hamad Medical Corporation)

  • Roberto Bertollini

    (Ministry of Public Health)

  • Laith J. Abu-Raddad

    (Cornell University
    Cornell University
    Cornell University
    Qatar University)

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 subvariants are genetically divergent. We conducted a matched, test-negative, case-control study to estimate duration of protection of the second and third/booster doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against BA.1 and BA.2 infections in Qatar. BNT162b2 effectiveness was highest at 46.6% (95% CI: 33.4–57.2%) against symptomatic BA.1 and at 51.7% (95% CI: 43.2–58.9%) against symptomatic BA.2 infections in the first three months after the second dose, but declined to ~10% or below thereafter. Effectiveness rebounded to 59.9% (95% CI: 51.2–67.0%) and 43.7% (95% CI: 36.5–50.0%), respectively, in the first month after the booster dose, before declining again. Effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalization and death was 70–80% after the second dose and >90% after the booster dose. mRNA-1273 vaccine protection showed similar patterns. mRNA vaccines provide comparable, moderate, and short-lived protection against symptomatic BA.1 and BA.2 Omicron infections, but strong and durable protection against COVID-19 hospitalization and death.

Suggested Citation

  • Hiam Chemaitelly & Houssein H. Ayoub & Sawsan AlMukdad & Peter Coyle & Patrick Tang & Hadi M. Yassine & Hebah A. Al-Khatib & Maria K. Smatti & Mohammad R. Hasan & Zaina Al-Kanaani & Einas Al-Kuwari & , 2022. "Duration of mRNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 subvariants in Qatar," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-30895-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30895-3
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    Cited by:

    1. Michal Canetti & Noam Barda & Mayan Gilboa & Victoria Indenbaum & Michal Mandelboim & Tal Gonen & Keren Asraf & Yael Weiss-Ottolenghi & Sharon Amit & Ram Doolman & Ella Mendelson & Dror Harats & Laure, 2022. "Immunogenicity and efficacy of fourth BNT162b2 and mRNA1273 COVID-19 vaccine doses; three months follow-up," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    2. Hung Fu Tseng & Bradley K. Ackerson & Katia J. Bruxvoort & Lina S. Sy & Julia E. Tubert & Gina S. Lee & Jennifer H. Ku & Ana Florea & Yi Luo & Sijia Qiu & Soon Kyu Choi & Harpreet S. Takhar & Michael , 2023. "Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    3. Joseph A. Lewnard & Vennis Hong & Jeniffer S. Kim & Sally F. Shaw & Bruno Lewin & Harpreet Takhar & Marc Lipsitch & Sara Y. Tartof, 2023. "Increased vaccine sensitivity of an emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    4. Hiam Chemaitelly & Houssein H. Ayoub & Peter Coyle & Patrick Tang & Hadi M. Yassine & Hebah A. Al-Khatib & Maria K. Smatti & Mohammad R. Hasan & Zaina Al-Kanaani & Einas Al-Kuwari & Andrew Jeremijenko, 2022. "Protection of Omicron sub-lineage infection against reinfection with another Omicron sub-lineage," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    5. Matthew Gagne & Barbara J. Flynn & Christopher Cole Honeycutt & Dillon R. Flebbe & Shayne F. Andrew & Samantha J. Provost & Lauren McCormick & Alex Ry & Elizabeth McCarthy & John-Paul M. Todd & Saran , 2024. "Variant-proof high affinity ACE2 antagonist limits SARS-CoV-2 replication in upper and lower airways," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.

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