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Immune signature of acute pharyngitis in a Streptococcus pyogenes human challenge trial

Author

Listed:
  • Jeremy Anderson

    (Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
    University of Melbourne)

  • Samira Imran

    (Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
    University of Melbourne)

  • Hannah R. Frost

    (Murdoch Children’s Research Institute)

  • Kristy I. Azzopardi

    (Murdoch Children’s Research Institute)

  • Sedigheh Jalali

    (Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
    University of Melbourne)

  • Boris Novakovic

    (Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
    University of Melbourne)

  • Joshua Osowicki

    (Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
    University of Melbourne
    The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne)

  • Andrew C. Steer

    (Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
    University of Melbourne
    The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne)

  • Paul V. Licciardi

    (Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
    University of Melbourne)

  • Daniel G. Pellicci

    (Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
    University of Melbourne
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne)

Abstract

Streptococcus pyogenes causes at least 750 million infections and more than 500,000 deaths each year. No vaccine is currently available for S. pyogenes and the use of human challenge models offer unique and exciting opportunities to interrogate the immune response to infectious diseases. Here, we use high-dimensional flow cytometric analysis and multiplex cytokine and chemokine assays to study serial blood and saliva samples collected during the early immune response in human participants following challenge with S. pyogenes. We find an immune signature of experimental human pharyngitis characterised by: 1) elevation of serum IL-1Ra, IL-6, IFN-γ, IP-10 and IL-18; 2) increases in peripheral blood innate dendritic cell and monocyte populations; 3) reduced circulation of B cells and CD4+ T cell subsets (Th1, Th17, Treg, TFH) during the acute phase; and 4) activation of unconventional T cell subsets, γδTCR + Vδ2+ T cells and MAIT cells. These findings demonstrate that S. pyogenes infection generates a robust early immune response, which may be important for host protection. Together, these data will help advance research to establish correlates of immune protection and focus the evaluation of vaccines.

Suggested Citation

  • Jeremy Anderson & Samira Imran & Hannah R. Frost & Kristy I. Azzopardi & Sedigheh Jalali & Boris Novakovic & Joshua Osowicki & Andrew C. Steer & Paul V. Licciardi & Daniel G. Pellicci, 2022. "Immune signature of acute pharyngitis in a Streptococcus pyogenes human challenge trial," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-28335-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28335-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Toufic Mayassi & Luis B. Barreiro & Jamie Rossjohn & Bana Jabri, 2021. "A multilayered immune system through the lens of unconventional T cells," Nature, Nature, vol. 595(7868), pages 501-510, July.
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