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Geminiviruses employ host DNA glycosylases to subvert DNA methylation-mediated defense

Author

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  • Xiaojian Gui

    (State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University
    State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Chang Liu

    (Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University
    Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University)

  • Yijun Qi

    (Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University
    Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University)

  • Xueping Zhou

    (State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University
    State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

Abstract

DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that plays important roles in gene regulation and transposon silencing. Active DNA demethylation has evolved to counterbalance DNA methylation at many endogenous loci. Here, we report that active DNA demethylation also targets viral DNAs, tomato yellow leaf curl China virus (TYLCCNV) and its satellite tomato yellow leaf curl China betasatellite (TYLCCNB), to promote their virulence. We demonstrate that the βC1 protein, encoded by TYLCCNB, interacts with a ROS1-like DNA glycosylase in Nicotiana benthamiana and with the DEMETER (DME) DNA glycosylase in Arabidopsis thaliana. The interaction between βC1 and DME facilitates the DNA glycosylase activity to decrease viral DNA methylation and promote viral virulence. These findings reveal that active DNA demethylation can be regulated by a viral protein to subvert DNA methylation-mediated defense.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaojian Gui & Chang Liu & Yijun Qi & Xueping Zhou, 2022. "Geminiviruses employ host DNA glycosylases to subvert DNA methylation-mediated defense," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-28262-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28262-3
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