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Crystal structures of phosphatidyl serine synthase PSS reveal the catalytic mechanism of CDP-DAG alcohol O-phosphatidyl transferases

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  • Martin Centola

    (Max Planck Institute of Biophysics)

  • Katharina van Pee

    (Max Planck Institute of Biophysics)

  • Heidi Betz

    (Max Planck Institute of Biophysics)

  • Özkan Yildiz

    (Max Planck Institute of Biophysics)

Abstract

Phospholipids are the major components of the membrane in all type of cells and organelles. They also are critical for cell metabolism, signal transduction, the immune system and other critical cell functions. The biosynthesis of phospholipids is a complex multi-step process with high-energy intermediates. Several enzymes in different metabolic pathways are involved in the initial phospholipid synthesis and its subsequent conversion. While the “Kennedy pathway” is the main pathway in mammalian cells, in bacteria and lower eukaryotes the precursor CDP-DAG is used in the de novo pathway by CDP-DAG alcohol O-phosphatidyl transferases to synthetize the basic lipids. Here we present the high-resolution structures of phosphatidyl serine synthase from Methanocaldococcus jannaschii crystallized in four different states. Detailed structural and functional analysis of the different structures allowed us to identify the substrate binding site and show how CDP-DAG, serine and two essential metal ions are bound and oriented relative to each other. In close proximity to the substrate binding site, two anions were identified that appear to be highly important for the reaction. The structural findings were confirmed by functional activity assays and suggest a model for the catalytic mechanism of CDP-DAG alcohol O-phosphatidyl transferases, which synthetize the phospholipids essential for the cells.

Suggested Citation

  • Martin Centola & Katharina van Pee & Heidi Betz & Özkan Yildiz, 2021. "Crystal structures of phosphatidyl serine synthase PSS reveal the catalytic mechanism of CDP-DAG alcohol O-phosphatidyl transferases," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-27281-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27281-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Oliver B. Clarke & David Tomasek & Carla D. Jorge & Meagan Belcher Dufrisne & Minah Kim & Surajit Banerjee & Kanagalaghatta R. Rajashankar & Lawrence Shapiro & Wayne A. Hendrickson & Helena Santos & F, 2015. "Structural basis for phosphatidylinositol-phosphate biosynthesis," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Przemyslaw Nogly & Ivan Gushchin & Alina Remeeva & Ana M. Esteves & Nuno Borges & Pikyee Ma & Andrii Ishchenko & Sergei Grudinin & Ekaterina Round & Isabel Moraes & Valentin Borshchevskiy & Helena San, 2014. "X-ray structure of a CDP-alcohol phosphatidyltransferase membrane enzyme and insights into its catalytic mechanism," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 5(1), pages 1-10, September.
    3. Giuliano Sciara & Oliver B. Clarke & David Tomasek & Brian Kloss & Shantelle Tabuso & Rushelle Byfield & Raphael Cohn & Surajit Banerjee & Kanagalaghatta R. Rajashankar & Vesna Slavkovic & Joseph H. G, 2014. "Structural basis for catalysis in a CDP-alcohol phosphotransferase," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 5(1), pages 1-10, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lie Wang & Ming Zhou, 2023. "Structure of a eukaryotic cholinephosphotransferase-1 reveals mechanisms of substrate recognition and catalysis," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Zhenhua Wang & Meng Yang & Yufan Yang & Yonglin He & Hongwu Qian, 2023. "Structural basis for catalysis of human choline/ethanolamine phosphotransferase 1," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.

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    2. Lie Wang & Ming Zhou, 2023. "Structure of a eukaryotic cholinephosphotransferase-1 reveals mechanisms of substrate recognition and catalysis," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.

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