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Volcanic activity and hazard in the East African Rift Zone

Author

Listed:
  • Juliet Biggs

    (University of Bristol)

  • Atalay Ayele

    (Addis Ababa University)

  • Tobias P. Fischer

    (University of New Mexico)

  • Karen Fontijn

    (Université libre de Bruxelles)

  • William Hutchison

    (University of St Andrews)

  • Emmanuel Kazimoto

    (University of Dar es Salaam)

  • Kathy Whaler

    (University of Edinburgh)

  • Tim J. Wright

    (University of Leeds)

Abstract

Over the past two decades, multidisciplinary studies have unearthed a rich history of volcanic activity and unrest in the densely-populated East African Rift System, providing new insights into the influence of rift dynamics on magmatism, the characteristics of the volcanic plumbing systems and the foundation for hazard assessments. The raised awareness of volcanic hazards is driving a shift from crisis response to reducing disaster risks, but a lack of institutional and human capacity in sub-Saharan Africa means baseline data are sparse and mitigating geohazards remains challenging.

Suggested Citation

  • Juliet Biggs & Atalay Ayele & Tobias P. Fischer & Karen Fontijn & William Hutchison & Emmanuel Kazimoto & Kathy Whaler & Tim J. Wright, 2021. "Volcanic activity and hazard in the East African Rift Zone," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-27166-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27166-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ben Clarke & Eliza S. Calder & Firawalin Dessalegn & Karen Fontijn & Joaquín A. Cortés & Mark Naylor & Ian Butler & William Hutchison & Gezahegn Yirgu, 2019. "Fluidal pyroclasts reveal the intensity of peralkaline rhyolite pumice cone eruptions," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-10, December.
    2. D. J. Ferguson & J. Maclennan & I. D. Bastow & D. M. Pyle & S. M. Jones & D. Keir & J. D. Blundy & T. Plank & G. Yirgu, 2013. "Melting during late-stage rifting in Afar is hot and deep," Nature, Nature, vol. 499(7456), pages 70-73, July.
    3. Tim J. Wright & Cindy Ebinger & Juliet Biggs & Atalay Ayele & Gezahegn Yirgu & Derek Keir & Anna Stork, 2006. "Magma-maintained rift segmentation at continental rupture in the 2005 Afar dyking episode," Nature, Nature, vol. 442(7100), pages 291-294, July.
    4. J.-M. Kendall & G. W. Stuart & C. J. Ebinger & I. D. Bastow & D. Keir, 2005. "Magma-assisted rifting in Ethiopia," Nature, Nature, vol. 433(7022), pages 146-148, January.
    5. James D. Muirhead & Tobias P. Fischer & Sarah J. Oliva & Amani Laizer & Jolante van Wijk & Claire A. Currie & Hyunwoo Lee & Emily J. Judd & Emmanuel Kazimoto & Yuji Sano & Naoto Takahata & Christel Ti, 2020. "Displaced cratonic mantle concentrates deep carbon during continental rifting," Nature, Nature, vol. 582(7810), pages 67-72, June.
    6. Ryan J. Gallacher & Derek Keir & Nicholas Harmon & Graham Stuart & Sylvie Leroy & James O. S. Hammond & J-Michael Kendall & Atalay Ayele & Berhe Goitom & Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi & Abdulhakim Ahmed, 2016. "The initiation of segmented buoyancy-driven melting during continental breakup," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-9, December.
    7. T. P. Fischer & P. Burnard & B. Marty & D. R. Hilton & E. Füri & F. Palhol & Z. D. Sharp & F. Mangasini, 2009. "Upper-mantle volatile chemistry at Oldoinyo Lengai volcano and the origin of carbonatites," Nature, Nature, vol. 459(7243), pages 77-80, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. A. Rosa & C. Pagli & H. Wang & F. Sigmundsson & V. Pinel & D. Keir, 2024. "Simultaneous rift-scale inflation of a deep crustal sill network in Afar, East Africa," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Jie Fan & Baoyin Liu & Xiaodong Ming & Yong Sun & Lianjie Qin, 2022. "The amplification effect of unreasonable human behaviours on natural disasters," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(1), pages 1-10, December.

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