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Protective humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 persist up to 1 year after recovery

Author

Listed:
  • Chengqian Feng

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

  • Jingrong Shi

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

  • Qinghong Fan

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

  • Yaping Wang

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

  • Huang Huang

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

  • Fengjuan Chen

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

  • Guofang Tang

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

  • Youxia Li

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

  • Pingchao Li

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Jiaojiao Li

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

  • Jianping Cui

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

  • Liliangzi Guo

    (Guangzhou Medical University
    Jinan University)

  • Sisi Chen

    (Guangzhou Medical University
    Jinan University)

  • Mengling Jiang

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

  • Liqiang Feng

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Ling Chen

    (Guangzhou Medical University
    Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Chunliang Lei

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

  • Changwen Ke

    (Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

  • Xilong Deng

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

  • Fengyu Hu

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

  • Xiaoping Tang

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

  • Feng Li

    (Guangzhou Medical University)

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been launched worldwide to build effective population-level immunity to curb the spread of this virus. The effectiveness and duration of protective immunity is a critical factor for public health. Here, we report the kinetics of the SARS-CoV-2 specific immune response in 204 individuals up to 1-year after recovery from COVID-19. RBD-IgG and full-length spike-IgG concentrations and serum neutralizing capacity decreases during the first 6-months, but is maintained stably up to 1-year after hospital discharge. Even individuals who had generated high IgG levels during early convalescent stages had IgG levels that had decreased to a similar level one year later. Notably, the RBD-IgG level positively correlates with serum neutralizing capacity, suggesting the representative role of RBD-IgG in predicting serum protection. Moreover, viral-specific cellular immune protection, including spike and nucleoprotein specific, persisted between 6 months and 12 months. Altogether, our study supports the persistence of viral-specific protective immunity over 1 year.

Suggested Citation

  • Chengqian Feng & Jingrong Shi & Qinghong Fan & Yaping Wang & Huang Huang & Fengjuan Chen & Guofang Tang & Youxia Li & Pingchao Li & Jiaojiao Li & Jianping Cui & Liliangzi Guo & Sisi Chen & Mengling Ji, 2021. "Protective humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 persist up to 1 year after recovery," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-7, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-25312-0
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25312-0
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    Cited by:

    1. Dominik Menges & Kyra D. Zens & Tala Ballouz & Nicole Caduff & Daniel Llanas-Cornejo & Hélène E. Aschmann & Anja Domenghino & Céline Pellaton & Matthieu Perreau & Craig Fenwick & Giuseppe Pantaleo & C, 2022. "Heterogenous humoral and cellular immune responses with distinct trajectories post-SARS-CoV-2 infection in a population-based cohort," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Eva-Maria Jacobsen & Dorit Fabricius & Magdalena Class & Fernando Topfstedt & Raquel Lorenzetti & Iga Janowska & Franziska Schmidt & Julian Staniek & Maria Zernickel & Thomas Stamminger & Andrea N. Di, 2022. "High antibody levels and reduced cellular response in children up to one year after SARS-CoV-2 infection," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-16, December.

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