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Sex as an important factor in nanomedicine

Author

Listed:
  • Mohammah Javad Hajipour

    (Michigan State University)

  • Haniyeh Aghaverdi

    (Michigan State University)

  • Vahid Serpooshan

    (Emory University School of Medicine, Georgia Institute of Technology
    Emory University School of Medicine
    Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta)

  • Hojatollah Vali

    (McGill University)

  • Sara Sheibani

    (McGill University)

  • Morteza Mahmoudi

    (Michigan State University)

Abstract

Nanomedicine has demonstrated substantial potential to improve the quality and efficacy of healthcare systems. Although the promise of nanomedicine to transform conventional medicine is evident, significant numbers of therapeutic nanomedicine products have failed in clinical trials. Most studies in nanomedicine have overlooked several important factors, including the significance of sex differences at various physiological levels. This report attempts to highlight the importance of sex in nanomedicine at cellular and molecular level. A more thorough consideration of sex physiology, among other critical variations (e.g., health status of individuals), would enable researchers to design and develop safer and more-efficient sex-specific diagnostic and therapeutic nanomedicine products.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammah Javad Hajipour & Haniyeh Aghaverdi & Vahid Serpooshan & Hojatollah Vali & Sara Sheibani & Morteza Mahmoudi, 2021. "Sex as an important factor in nanomedicine," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-23230-9
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23230-9
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