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Degradation mechanism of hybrid tin-based perovskite solar cells and the critical role of tin (IV) iodide

Author

Listed:
  • Luis Lanzetta

    (Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London)

  • Thomas Webb

    (Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London)

  • Nourdine Zibouche

    (University of Bath)

  • Xinxing Liang

    (Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London)

  • Dong Ding

    (Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London)

  • Ganghong Min

    (Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London)

  • Robert J. E. Westbrook

    (Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London)

  • Benedetta Gaggio

    (Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London)

  • Thomas J. Macdonald

    (Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London)

  • M. Saiful Islam

    (University of Bath)

  • Saif A. Haque

    (Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London)

Abstract

Tin perovskites have emerged as promising alternatives to toxic lead perovskites in next-generation photovoltaics, but their poor environmental stability remains an obstacle towards more competitive performances. Therefore, a full understanding of their decomposition processes is needed to address these stability issues. Herein, we elucidate the degradation mechanism of 2D/3D tin perovskite films based on (PEA)0.2(FA)0.8SnI3 (where PEA is phenylethylammonium and FA is formamidinium). We show that SnI4, a product of the oxygen-induced degradation of tin perovskite, quickly evolves into iodine via the combined action of moisture and oxygen. We identify iodine as a highly aggressive species that can further oxidise the perovskite to more SnI4, establishing a cyclic degradation mechanism. Perovskite stability is then observed to strongly depend on the hole transport layer chosen as the substrate, which is exploited to tackle film degradation. These key insights will enable the future design and optimisation of stable tin-based perovskite optoelectronics.

Suggested Citation

  • Luis Lanzetta & Thomas Webb & Nourdine Zibouche & Xinxing Liang & Dong Ding & Ganghong Min & Robert J. E. Westbrook & Benedetta Gaggio & Thomas J. Macdonald & M. Saiful Islam & Saif A. Haque, 2021. "Degradation mechanism of hybrid tin-based perovskite solar cells and the critical role of tin (IV) iodide," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-22864-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22864-z
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    Cited by:

    1. Lutao Li & Junjie Yao & Juntong Zhu & Yuan Chen & Chen Wang & Zhicheng Zhou & Guoxiang Zhao & Sihan Zhang & Ruonan Wang & Jiating Li & Xiangyi Wang & Zheng Lu & Lingbo Xiao & Qiang Zhang & Guifu Zou, 2023. "Colloid driven low supersaturation crystallization for atomically thin Bismuth halide perovskite," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Yao Ma & Leting Shan & Yiran Ying & Liang Shen & Yufeng Fu & Linfeng Fei & Yusheng Lei & Nailin Yue & Wei Zhang & Hong Zhang & Haitao Huang & Kai Yao & Junhao Chu, 2024. "Day-Night imaging without Infrared Cutfilter removal based on metal-gradient perovskite single crystal photodetector," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    3. Li, Bowei & Jayawardena, K.D. G. Imalka & Zhang, Jing & Bandara, Rajapakshe Mudiyanselage Indrachapa & Liu, Xueping & Bi, Jingxin & Silva, Shashini M. & Liu, Dongtao & Underwood, Cameron C.L. & Xiang,, 2024. "Stability of formamidinium tin triiodide-based inverted perovskite solar cells," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PB).
    4. Jian Xu & Aidan Maxwell & Zhaoning Song & Abdulaziz S. R. Bati & Hao Chen & Chongwen Li & So Min Park & Yanfa Yan & Bin Chen & Edward H. Sargent, 2024. "The dynamic adsorption affinity of ligands is a surrogate for the passivation of surface defects," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.

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