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Steller’s sea cow genome suggests this species began going extinct before the arrival of Paleolithic humans

Author

Listed:
  • Fedor S. Sharko

    (National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1st Akademika Kurchatova Square
    Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences)

  • Eugenia S. Boulygina

    (National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1st Akademika Kurchatova Square)

  • Svetlana V. Tsygankova

    (National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1st Akademika Kurchatova Square)

  • Natalia V. Slobodova

    (National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1st Akademika Kurchatova Square)

  • Dmitry A. Alekseev

    (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Prospect Vernadskogo, 82)

  • Anna A. Krasivskaya

    (Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology)

  • Sergey M. Rastorguev

    (National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1st Akademika Kurchatova Square)

  • Alexei N. Tikhonov

    (Zoological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab., 1
    North-Eastern Federal University)

  • Artem V. Nedoluzhko

    (Nord University)

Abstract

Anthropogenic activity is the top factor directly related to the extinction of several animal species. The last Steller’s sea cow (Hydrodamalis gigas) population on the Commander Islands (Russia) was wiped out in the second half of the 18th century due to sailors and fur traders hunting it for the meat and fat. However, new data suggests that the extinction process of this species began much earlier. Here, we present a nuclear de novo assembled genome of H. gigas with a 25.4× depth coverage. Our results demonstrate that the heterozygosity of the last population of this animal is low and comparable to the last woolly mammoth population that inhabited Wrangel Island 4000 years ago. Besides, as a matter of consideration, our findings also demonstrate that the extinction of this marine mammal starts along the North Pacific coastal line much earlier than the first Paleolithic humans arrived in the Bering sea region.

Suggested Citation

  • Fedor S. Sharko & Eugenia S. Boulygina & Svetlana V. Tsygankova & Natalia V. Slobodova & Dmitry A. Alekseev & Anna A. Krasivskaya & Sergey M. Rastorguev & Alexei N. Tikhonov & Artem V. Nedoluzhko, 2021. "Steller’s sea cow genome suggests this species began going extinct before the arrival of Paleolithic humans," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-22567-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22567-5
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    Cited by:

    1. Ran Tian & Yaolei Zhang & Hui Kang & Fan Zhang & Zhihong Jin & Jiahao Wang & Peijun Zhang & Xuming Zhou & Janet M. Lanyon & Helen L. Sneath & Lucy Woolford & Guangyi Fan & Songhai Li & Inge Seim, 2024. "Sirenian genomes illuminate the evolution of fully aquatic species within the mammalian superorder afrotheria," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-19, December.
    2. Alberto A. Campos & Cameron D. Bullen & Edward J. Gregr & Iain McKechnie & Kai M. A. Chan, 2022. "Steller’s sea cow uncertain history illustrates importance of ecological context when interpreting demographic histories from genomes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-3, December.
    3. Fedor S. Sharko & Sergey M. Rastorguev & Alexei N. Tikhonov & Artem V. Nedoluzhko, 2022. "Reply to: “Steller’s sea cow uncertain history illustrates importance of ecological context when interpreting demographic histories from genomes”," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-2, December.

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