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2D material programming for 3D shaping

Author

Listed:
  • Amirali Nojoomi

    (University of Texas at Arlington)

  • Junha Jeon

    (University of Texas at Arlington)

  • Kyungsuk Yum

    (University of Texas at Arlington)

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) growth-induced 3D shaping enables shape-morphing materials for diverse applications. However, quantitative design of 2D growth for arbitrary 3D shapes remains challenging. Here we show a 2D material programming approach for 3D shaping, which prints hydrogel sheets encoded with spatially controlled in-plane growth (contraction) and transforms them to programmed 3D structures. We design 2D growth for target 3D shapes via conformal flattening. We introduce the concept of cone singularities to increase the accessible space of 3D shapes. For active shape selection, we encode shape-guiding modules in growth that direct shape morphing toward target shapes among isometric configurations. Our flexible 2D printing process enables the formation of multimaterial 3D structures. We demonstrate the ability to create 3D structures with a variety of morphologies, including automobiles, batoid fish, and real human face.

Suggested Citation

  • Amirali Nojoomi & Junha Jeon & Kyungsuk Yum, 2021. "2D material programming for 3D shaping," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-20934-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-20934-w
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    Cited by:

    1. Haoqing Yang & Tengxiao Liu & Lihua Jin & Yu Huang & Xiangfeng Duan & Hongtao Sun, 2024. "Tailoring smart hydrogels through manipulation of heterogeneous subdomains," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Xiaohao Sun & Liang Yue & Luxia Yu & Connor T. Forte & Connor D. Armstrong & Kun Zhou & Frédéric Demoly & Ruike Renee Zhao & H. Jerry Qi, 2024. "Machine learning-enabled forward prediction and inverse design of 4D-printed active plates," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.
    3. Kexin Guo & Xuehan Yang & Chao Zhou & Chuang Li, 2024. "Self-regulated reversal deformation and locomotion of structurally homogenous hydrogels subjected to constant light illumination," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.

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