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Dynamic sex chromosome expression in Drosophila male germ cells

Author

Listed:
  • Sharvani Mahadevaraju

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Justin M. Fear

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Miriam Akeju

    (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

  • Brian J. Galletta

    (Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health)

  • Mara M. L. S. Pinheiro

    (University of São Paulo)

  • Camila C. Avelino

    (University of São Paulo)

  • Diogo C. Cabral-de-Mello

    (UNESP—Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro)

  • Katie Conlon

    (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

  • Stafania Dell’Orso

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Zelalem Demere

    (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

  • Kush Mansuria

    (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

  • Carolina A. Mendonça

    (University of São Paulo)

  • Octavio M. Palacios-Gimenez

    (University of São Paulo
    Uppsala University)

  • Eli Ross

    (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

  • Max Savery

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Kevin Yu

    (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

  • Harold E. Smith

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Vittorio Sartorelli

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Haiwang Yang

    (National Institutes of Health
    Northwestern University)

  • Nasser M. Rusan

    (Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health)

  • Maria D. Vibranovski

    (University of São Paulo)

  • Erika Matunis

    (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

  • Brian Oliver

    (National Institutes of Health)

Abstract

Given their copy number differences and unique modes of inheritance, the evolved gene content and expression of sex chromosomes is unusual. In many organisms the X and Y chromosomes are inactivated in spermatocytes, possibly as a defense mechanism against insertions into unpaired chromatin. In addition to current sex chromosomes, Drosophila has a small gene-poor X-chromosome relic (4th) that re-acquired autosomal status. Here we use single cell RNA-Seq on fly larvae to demonstrate that the single X and pair of 4th chromosomes are specifically inactivated in primary spermatocytes, based on measuring all genes or a set of broadly expressed genes in testis we identified. In contrast, genes on the single Y chromosome become maximally active in primary spermatocytes. Reduced X transcript levels are due to failed activation of RNA-Polymerase-II by phosphorylation of Serine 2 and 5.

Suggested Citation

  • Sharvani Mahadevaraju & Justin M. Fear & Miriam Akeju & Brian J. Galletta & Mara M. L. S. Pinheiro & Camila C. Avelino & Diogo C. Cabral-de-Mello & Katie Conlon & Stafania Dell’Orso & Zelalem Demere &, 2021. "Dynamic sex chromosome expression in Drosophila male germ cells," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-20897-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-20897-y
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    Cited by:

    1. Matthew A. Lawlor & Weihuan Cao & Christopher E. Ellison, 2021. "A transposon expression burst accompanies the activation of Y-chromosome fertility genes during Drosophila spermatogenesis," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Seungjae Lee & Yen-Chung Chen & Austin E. Gillen & J. Matthew Taliaferro & Bart Deplancke & Hongjie Li & Eric C. Lai, 2022. "Diverse cell-specific patterns of alternative polyadenylation in Drosophila," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-16, December.

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