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A universal dual mechanism immunotherapy for the treatment of influenza virus infections

Author

Listed:
  • Xin Liu

    (Purdue University
    Purdue University)

  • Boning Zhang

    (Purdue University
    Purdue University)

  • Yingcai Wang

    (Purdue University
    Purdue University)

  • Hanan S. Haymour

    (Purdue University
    Purdue University)

  • Fenghua Zhang

    (Purdue University
    Purdue University)

  • Le-cun Xu

    (Endocyte Inc.)

  • Madduri Srinivasarao

    (Purdue University
    Purdue University)

  • Philip S. Low

    (Purdue University
    Purdue University)

Abstract

Seasonal influenza epidemics lead to 3–5 million severe infections and 290,000–650,000 annual global deaths. With deaths from the 1918 influenza pandemic estimated at >50,000,000 and future pandemics anticipated, the need for a potent influenza treatment is critical. In this study, we design and synthesize a bifunctional small molecule by conjugating the neuraminidase inhibitor, zanamivir, with the highly immunogenic hapten, dinitrophenyl (DNP), which specifically targets the surface of free virus and viral-infected cells. We show that this leads to simultaneous inhibition of virus release, and immune-mediated elimination of both free virus and virus-infected cells. Intranasal or intraperitoneal administration of a single dose of drug to mice infected with 100x MLD50 virus is shown to eradicate advanced infections from representative strains of both influenza A and B viruses. Since treatments of severe infections remain effective up to three days post lethal inoculation, our approach may successfully treat infections refractory to current therapies.

Suggested Citation

  • Xin Liu & Boning Zhang & Yingcai Wang & Hanan S. Haymour & Fenghua Zhang & Le-cun Xu & Madduri Srinivasarao & Philip S. Low, 2020. "A universal dual mechanism immunotherapy for the treatment of influenza virus infections," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:11:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-020-19386-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19386-5
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