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Complementary mesoscale dynamics of spectrin and acto-myosin shape membrane territories during mechanoresponse

Author

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  • Andrea Ghisleni

    (Institute FIRC of Molecular Oncology (IFOM))

  • Camilla Galli

    (Institute FIRC of Molecular Oncology (IFOM))

  • Pascale Monzo

    (Institute FIRC of Molecular Oncology (IFOM))

  • Flora Ascione

    (Institute FIRC of Molecular Oncology (IFOM))

  • Marc-Antoine Fardin

    (Institut Jacques Monod, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7592 and Université Paris Diderot)

  • Giorgio Scita

    (Institute FIRC of Molecular Oncology (IFOM)
    University of Milan, Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology)

  • Qingsen Li

    (Institute FIRC of Molecular Oncology (IFOM))

  • Paolo Maiuri

    (Institute FIRC of Molecular Oncology (IFOM))

  • Nils C. Gauthier

    (Institute FIRC of Molecular Oncology (IFOM))

Abstract

The spectrin-based membrane skeleton is a major component of the cell cortex. While expressed by all metazoans, its dynamic interactions with the other cortex components, including the plasma membrane or the acto-myosin cytoskeleton, are poorly understood. Here, we investigate how spectrin re-organizes spatially and dynamically under the membrane during changes in cell mechanics. We find spectrin and acto-myosin to be spatially distinct but cooperating during mechanical challenges, such as cell adhesion and contraction, or compression, stretch and osmolarity fluctuations, creating a cohesive cortex supporting the plasma membrane. Actin territories control protrusions and contractile structures while spectrin territories concentrate in retractile zones and low-actin density/inter-contractile regions, acting as a fence that organize membrane trafficking events. We unveil here the existence of a dynamic interplay between acto-myosin and spectrin necessary to support a mesoscale organization of the lipid bilayer into spatially-confined cortical territories during cell mechanoresponse.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrea Ghisleni & Camilla Galli & Pascale Monzo & Flora Ascione & Marc-Antoine Fardin & Giorgio Scita & Qingsen Li & Paolo Maiuri & Nils C. Gauthier, 2020. "Complementary mesoscale dynamics of spectrin and acto-myosin shape membrane territories during mechanoresponse," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-21, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:11:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-020-18825-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18825-7
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    Cited by:

    1. Andrea Ghisleni & Mayte Bonilla-Quintana & Michele Crestani & Zeno Lavagnino & Camilla Galli & Padmini Rangamani & Nils C. Gauthier, 2024. "Mechanically induced topological transition of spectrin regulates its distribution in the mammalian cell cortex," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-21, December.

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