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Collisional formation of top-shaped asteroids and implications for the origins of Ryugu and Bennu

Author

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  • P. Michel

    (Universite Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire Lagrange)

  • R.-L. Ballouz

    (University of Arizona)

  • O. S. Barnouin

    (The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory)

  • M. Jutzi

    (University of Bern, NCCR PlanetS, Gesellsschaftsstrasse 6, 3012)

  • K. J. Walsh

    (Southwest Research Institute)

  • B. H. May

    (London Stereoscopic Company)

  • C. Manzoni

    (London Stereoscopic Company)

  • D. C. Richardson

    (University of Maryland)

  • S. R. Schwartz

    (University of Arizona)

  • S. Sugita

    (School of Science, The University of Tokyo)

  • S. Watanabe

    (Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University)

  • H. Miyamoto

    (School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo)

  • M. Hirabayashi

    (Auburn University)

  • W. F. Bottke

    (Southwest Research Institute)

  • H. C. Connolly

    (University of Arizona
    School of Earth and Environment, Rowan University)

  • M. Yoshikawa

    (JAXA)

  • D. S. Lauretta

    (University of Arizona)

Abstract

Asteroid shapes and hydration levels can serve as tracers of their history and origin. For instance, the asteroids (162173) Ryugu and (101955) Bennu have an oblate spheroidal shape with a pronounced equator, but contain different surface hydration levels. Here we show, through numerical simulations of large asteroid disruptions, that oblate spheroids, some of which have a pronounced equator defining a spinning top shape, can form directly through gravitational reaccumulation. We further show that rubble piles formed in a single disruption can have similar porosities but variable degrees of hydration. The direct formation of top shapes from single disruption alone can explain the relatively old crater-retention ages of the equatorial features of Ryugu and Bennu. Two separate parent-body disruptions are not necessarily required to explain their different hydration levels.

Suggested Citation

  • P. Michel & R.-L. Ballouz & O. S. Barnouin & M. Jutzi & K. J. Walsh & B. H. May & C. Manzoni & D. C. Richardson & S. R. Schwartz & S. Sugita & S. Watanabe & H. Miyamoto & M. Hirabayashi & W. F. Bottke, 2020. "Collisional formation of top-shaped asteroids and implications for the origins of Ryugu and Bennu," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:11:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-020-16433-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16433-z
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    Cited by:

    1. Yun Zhang & Patrick Michel & Olivier S. Barnouin & James H. Roberts & Michael G. Daly & Ronald-L. Ballouz & Kevin J. Walsh & Derek C. Richardson & Christine M. Hartzell & Dante S. Lauretta, 2022. "Inferring interiors and structural history of top-shaped asteroids from external properties of asteroid (101955) Bennu," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. H. G. Changela & Y. Kebukawa & L. Petera & M. Ferus & E. Chatzitheodoridis & L. Nejdl & R. Nebel & V. Protiva & P. Krepelka & J. Moravcova & R. Holbova & Z. Hlavenkova & T. Samoril & J. C. Bridges & S, 2024. "The evolution of organic material on Asteroid 162173 Ryugu and its delivery to Earth," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, December.
    3. K. J. Walsh & R-L. Ballouz & W. F. Bottke & C. Avdellidou & H. C. Connolly Jr & M. Delbo & D. N. DellaGiustina & E. R. Jawin & T. McCoy & P. Michel & T. Morota & M. C. Nolan & S. R. Schwartz & S. Sugi, 2024. "Numerical simulations suggest asteroids (101955) Bennu and (162173) Ryugu are likely second or later generation rubble piles," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.

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