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Sex chromosome evolution in parasitic nematodes of humans

Author

Listed:
  • Jeremy M. Foster

    (New England Biolabs)

  • Alexandra Grote

    (New York University)

  • John Mattick

    (University of Maryland School of Medicine)

  • Alan Tracey

    (Wellcome Sanger Institute)

  • Yu-Chih Tsai

    (Pacific Biosciences)

  • Matthew Chung

    (University of Maryland School of Medicine)

  • James A. Cotton

    (Wellcome Sanger Institute)

  • Tyson A. Clark

    (Pacific Biosciences)

  • Adam Geber

    (New York University)

  • Nancy Holroyd

    (Wellcome Sanger Institute)

  • Jonas Korlach

    (Pacific Biosciences)

  • Yichao Li

    (Ohio University)

  • Silvia Libro

    (New England Biolabs)

  • Sara Lustigman

    (New York Blood Center)

  • Michelle L. Michalski

    (University of Wisconsin Oshkosh)

  • Michael Paulini

    (European Bioinformatics Institute)

  • Matthew B. Rogers

    (UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh)

  • Laura Teigen

    (University of Wisconsin Oshkosh)

  • Alan Twaddle

    (New York University)

  • Lonnie Welch

    (Ohio University)

  • Matthew Berriman

    (Wellcome Sanger Institute)

  • Julie C. Dunning Hotopp

    (University of Maryland School of Medicine
    University of Maryland School of Medicine
    University of Maryland School of Medicine)

  • Elodie Ghedin

    (New York University
    New York University)

Abstract

Sex determination mechanisms often differ even between related species yet the evolution of sex chromosomes remains poorly understood in all but a few model organisms. Some nematodes such as Caenorhabditis elegans have an XO sex determination system while others, such as the filarial parasite Brugia malayi, have an XY mechanism. We present a complete B. malayi genome assembly and define Nigon elements shared with C. elegans, which we then map to the genomes of other filarial species and more distantly related nematodes. We find a remarkable plasticity in sex chromosome evolution with several distinct cases of neo-X and neo-Y formation, X-added regions, and conversion of autosomes to sex chromosomes from which we propose a model of chromosome evolution across different nematode clades. The phylum Nematoda offers a new and innovative system for gaining a deeper understanding of sex chromosome evolution.

Suggested Citation

  • Jeremy M. Foster & Alexandra Grote & John Mattick & Alan Tracey & Yu-Chih Tsai & Matthew Chung & James A. Cotton & Tyson A. Clark & Adam Geber & Nancy Holroyd & Jonas Korlach & Yichao Li & Silvia Libr, 2020. "Sex chromosome evolution in parasitic nematodes of humans," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:11:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-020-15654-6
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15654-6
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