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Dynamic MAIT cell response with progressively enhanced innateness during acute HIV-1 infection

Author

Listed:
  • Kerri G. Lal

    (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
    Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine
    Karolinska Institutet)

  • Dohoon Kim

    (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
    Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine)

  • Margaret C. Costanzo

    (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
    Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine)

  • Matthew Creegan

    (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
    Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine)

  • Edwin Leeansyah

    (Karolinska Institutet
    Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School)

  • Joana Dias

    (Karolinska Institutet)

  • Dominic Paquin-Proulx

    (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
    Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine)

  • Leigh Anne Eller

    (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
    Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine)

  • Alexandra Schuetz

    (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
    Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine
    Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences)

  • Yuwadee Phuang-ngern

    (Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences)

  • Shelly J. Krebs

    (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
    Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine)

  • Bonnie M. Slike

    (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
    Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine)

  • Hannah Kibuuka

    (Makerere University Walter Reed Project)

  • Lucas Maganga

    (National Institute for Medical Research-Mbeya Medical Research Center)

  • Sorachai Nitayaphan

    (Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences)

  • Josphat Kosgei

    (Kenya Medical Research Institute/U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate-Africa/Kenya)

  • Carlo Sacdalan

    (SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre)

  • Jintanat Ananworanich

    (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
    Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine
    SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre)

  • Diane L. Bolton

    (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
    Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine)

  • Nelson L. Michael

    (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research)

  • Barbara L. Shacklett

    (University of California Davis)

  • Merlin L. Robb

    (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
    Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine)

  • Michael A. Eller

    (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
    Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine)

  • Johan K. Sandberg

    (Karolinska Institutet)

Abstract

Mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell loss in chronic HIV-1 infection is a significant insult to antimicrobial immune defenses. Here we investigate the response of MAIT cells during acute HIV-1 infection utilizing the RV217 cohort with paired longitudinal pre- and post-infection samples. MAIT cells are activated and expand in blood and mucosa coincident with peak HIV-1 viremia, in a manner associated with emerging microbial translocation. This is followed by a phase with elevated function as viral replication is controlled to a set-point level, and later by their functional decline at the onset of chronic infection. Interestingly, enhanced innate-like pathways and characteristics develop progressively in MAIT cells during infection, in parallel with TCR repertoire alterations. These findings delineate the dynamic MAIT cell response to acute HIV-1 infection, and show how the MAIT compartment initially responds and expands with enhanced function, followed by progressive reprogramming away from TCR-dependent antibacterial responses towards innate-like functionality.

Suggested Citation

  • Kerri G. Lal & Dohoon Kim & Margaret C. Costanzo & Matthew Creegan & Edwin Leeansyah & Joana Dias & Dominic Paquin-Proulx & Leigh Anne Eller & Alexandra Schuetz & Yuwadee Phuang-ngern & Shelly J. Kreb, 2020. "Dynamic MAIT cell response with progressively enhanced innateness during acute HIV-1 infection," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:11:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-019-13975-9
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13975-9
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