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A safe and non-flammable sodium metal battery based on an ionic liquid electrolyte

Author

Listed:
  • Hao Sun

    (Stanford University)

  • Guanzhou Zhu

    (Stanford University)

  • Xintong Xu

    (Stanford University
    Tsinghua University)

  • Meng Liao

    (Fudan University)

  • Yuan-Yao Li

    (Stanford University
    National Chung Cheng University)

  • Michael Angell

    (Stanford University)

  • Meng Gu

    (Southern University of Science and Technology)

  • Yuanmin Zhu

    (Southern University of Science and Technology
    Southern University of Science and Technology)

  • Wei Hsuan Hung

    (Stanford University
    Feng Chia University
    National Central University)

  • Jiachen Li

    (Stanford University)

  • Yun Kuang

    (Stanford University
    Beijing University of Chemical Technology)

  • Yongtao Meng

    (Stanford University)

  • Meng-Chang Lin

    (Shandong University of Science and Technology)

  • Huisheng Peng

    (Fudan University)

  • Hongjie Dai

    (Stanford University)

Abstract

Rechargeable sodium metal batteries with high energy density could be important to a wide range of energy applications in modern society. The pursuit of higher energy density should ideally come with high safety, a goal difficult for electrolytes based on organic solvents. Here we report a chloroaluminate ionic liquid electrolyte comprised of aluminium chloride/1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium chloride/sodium chloride ionic liquid spiked with two important additives, ethylaluminum dichloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. This leads to the first chloroaluminate based ionic liquid electrolyte for rechargeable sodium metal battery. The obtained batteries reached voltages up to ~ 4 V, high Coulombic efficiency up to 99.9%, and high energy and power density of ~ 420 Wh kg−1 and ~ 1766 W kg−1, respectively. The batteries retained over 90% of the original capacity after 700 cycles, suggesting an effective approach to sodium metal batteries with high energy/high power density, long cycle life and high safety.

Suggested Citation

  • Hao Sun & Guanzhou Zhu & Xintong Xu & Meng Liao & Yuan-Yao Li & Michael Angell & Meng Gu & Yuanmin Zhu & Wei Hsuan Hung & Jiachen Li & Yun Kuang & Yongtao Meng & Meng-Chang Lin & Huisheng Peng & Hongj, 2019. "A safe and non-flammable sodium metal battery based on an ionic liquid electrolyte," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:10:y:2019:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-019-11102-2
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11102-2
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