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Ordering, flexibility and frustration in arrays of porphyrin nanorings

Author

Listed:
  • Alex Summerfield

    (University of Nottingham)

  • Matteo Baldoni

    (University of Nottingham
    CNR-ISMN Bologna)

  • Dmitry V. Kondratuk

    (University of Oxford)

  • Harry L. Anderson

    (University of Oxford)

  • Stephen Whitelam

    (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)

  • Juan P. Garrahan

    (University of Nottingham)

  • Elena Besley

    (University of Nottingham)

  • Peter H. Beton

    (University of Nottingham)

Abstract

The regular packing of atoms, molecules and nanoparticles provides the basis for the understanding of structural order within condensed phases of matter. Typically the constituent particles are considered to be rigid with a fixed shape. Here we show, through a combined experimental and numerical study of the adsorption of cyclic porphyrin polymers, nanorings, on a graphite surface, that flexible molecules can exhibit a rich and complex packing behaviour. Depending on the number of porphyrin sub-units within the nanoring we observe either a highly ordered hexagonal phase or frustrated packing driven by directional interactions which for some arrangements is combined with the internal deformation of the cyclic polymer. Frustration and deformation occur in arrays of polymers with ten sub-units since close packing and co-alignment of neighbouring groups cannot be simultaneously realised for nanorings with this internal symmetry.

Suggested Citation

  • Alex Summerfield & Matteo Baldoni & Dmitry V. Kondratuk & Harry L. Anderson & Stephen Whitelam & Juan P. Garrahan & Elena Besley & Peter H. Beton, 2019. "Ordering, flexibility and frustration in arrays of porphyrin nanorings," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-7, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:10:y:2019:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-019-11009-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11009-y
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