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The AvrPm3-Pm3 effector-NLR interactions control both race-specific resistance and host-specificity of cereal mildews on wheat

Author

Listed:
  • Salim Bourras

    (University of Zurich
    Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Lukas Kunz

    (University of Zurich)

  • Minfeng Xue

    (Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences
    Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Central China
    Wuhan University)

  • Coraline Rosalie Praz

    (University of Zurich)

  • Marion Claudia Müller

    (University of Zurich)

  • Carol Kälin

    (University of Zurich)

  • Michael Schläfli

    (University of Zurich)

  • Patrick Ackermann

    (University of Zurich)

  • Simon Flückiger

    (University of Zurich)

  • Francis Parlange

    (University of Zurich)

  • Fabrizio Menardo

    (University of Zurich)

  • Luisa Katharina Schaefer

    (University of Zurich)

  • Roi Ben-David

    (Institute of Plant Science, ARO-Volcani Center)

  • Stefan Roffler

    (University of Zurich)

  • Simone Oberhaensli

    (University of Zurich)

  • Victoria Widrig

    (University of Zurich)

  • Stefan Lindner

    (University of Zurich)

  • Jonatan Isaksson

    (University of Zurich)

  • Thomas Wicker

    (University of Zurich)

  • Dazhao Yu

    (Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences
    Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Central China
    Wuhan University)

  • Beat Keller

    (University of Zurich)

Abstract

The wheat Pm3 resistance gene against the powdery mildew pathogen occurs as an allelic series encoding functionally different immune receptors which induce resistance upon recognition of isolate-specific avirulence (AVR) effectors from the pathogen. Here, we describe the identification of five effector proteins from the mildew pathogens of wheat, rye, and the wild grass Dactylis glomerata, specifically recognized by the PM3B, PM3C and PM3D receptors. Together with the earlier identified AVRPM3A2/F2, the recognized AVRs of PM3B/C, (AVRPM3B2/C2), and PM3D (AVRPM3D3) belong to a large group of proteins with low sequence homology but predicted structural similarities. AvrPm3b2/c2 and AvrPm3d3 are conserved in all tested isolates of wheat and rye mildew, and non-host infection assays demonstrate that Pm3b, Pm3c, and Pm3d are also restricting the growth of rye mildew on wheat. Furthermore, divergent AVR homologues from non-adapted rye and Dactylis mildews are recognized by PM3B, PM3C, or PM3D, demonstrating their involvement in host specificity.

Suggested Citation

  • Salim Bourras & Lukas Kunz & Minfeng Xue & Coraline Rosalie Praz & Marion Claudia Müller & Carol Kälin & Michael Schläfli & Patrick Ackermann & Simon Flückiger & Francis Parlange & Fabrizio Menardo & , 2019. "The AvrPm3-Pm3 effector-NLR interactions control both race-specific resistance and host-specificity of cereal mildews on wheat," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:10:y:2019:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-019-10274-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10274-1
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    Cited by:

    1. Alexandros G. Sotiropoulos & Epifanía Arango-Isaza & Tomohiro Ban & Chiara Barbieri & Salim Bourras & Christina Cowger & Paweł C. Czembor & Roi Ben-David & Amos Dinoor & Simon R. Ellwood & Johannes Gr, 2022. "Global genomic analyses of wheat powdery mildew reveal association of pathogen spread with historical human migration and trade," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-14, December.

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