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Global Fe–O isotope correlation reveals magmatic origin of Kiruna-type apatite-iron-oxide ores

Author

Listed:
  • Valentin R. Troll

    (Uppsala University)

  • Franz A. Weis

    (Uppsala University
    Swedish Museum of Natural History, Dept. of Geosciences)

  • Erik Jonsson

    (Uppsala University
    Geological Survey of Sweden)

  • Ulf B. Andersson

    (Uppsala University
    Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB, Research & Development)

  • Seyed Afshin Majidi

    (Geological Survey of Iran, Meraj St, Azadi Sq)

  • Karin Högdahl

    (Uppsala University
    Geology and Mineralogy, Åbo Akademi University)

  • Chris Harris

    (University of Cape Town)

  • Marc-Alban Millet

    (School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Park Place)

  • Sakthi Saravanan Chinnasamy

    (Uppsala University
    National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Department of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, NIT Rourkela
    Department of Earth Sciences, Powai)

  • Ellen Kooijman

    (Swedish Museum of Natural History, Dept. of Geosciences)

  • Katarina P. Nilsson

    (Geological Survey of Sweden
    Swedish Ministry of Enterprise and Innovation, Division for Business)

Abstract

Kiruna-type apatite-iron-oxide ores are key iron sources for modern industry, yet their origin remains controversial. Diverse ore-forming processes have been discussed, comprising low-temperature hydrothermal processes versus a high-temperature origin from magma or magmatic fluids. We present an extensive set of new and combined iron and oxygen isotope data from magnetite of Kiruna-type ores from Sweden, Chile and Iran, and compare them with new global reference data from layered intrusions, active volcanic provinces, and established low-temperature and hydrothermal iron ores. We show that approximately 80% of the magnetite from the investigated Kiruna-type ores exhibit δ56Fe and δ18O ratios that overlap with the volcanic and plutonic reference materials (> 800 °C), whereas ~20%, mainly vein-hosted and disseminated magnetite, match the low-temperature reference samples (≤400 °C). Thus, Kiruna-type ores are dominantly magmatic in origin, but may contain late-stage hydrothermal magnetite populations that can locally overprint primary high-temperature magmatic signatures.

Suggested Citation

  • Valentin R. Troll & Franz A. Weis & Erik Jonsson & Ulf B. Andersson & Seyed Afshin Majidi & Karin Högdahl & Chris Harris & Marc-Alban Millet & Sakthi Saravanan Chinnasamy & Ellen Kooijman & Katarina P, 2019. "Global Fe–O isotope correlation reveals magmatic origin of Kiruna-type apatite-iron-oxide ores," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:10:y:2019:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-019-09244-4
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09244-4
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    Cited by:

    1. Tobias Keller & Fernando Tornos & John M. Hanchar & Dorota K. Pietruszka & Arianna Soldati & Donald B. Dingwell & Jenny Suckale, 2022. "Genetic model of the El Laco magnetite-apatite deposits by extrusion of iron-rich melt," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-14, December.

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