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Patterns of genetic differentiation and the footprints of historical migrations in the Iberian Peninsula

Author

Listed:
  • Clare Bycroft

    (University of Oxford)

  • Ceres Fernandez-Rozadilla

    (Santiago de Compostela)

  • Clara Ruiz-Ponte

    (Santiago de Compostela)

  • Inés Quintela

    (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela)

  • Ángel Carracedo

    (Santiago de Compostela
    Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
    University of Santiago de Compostela)

  • Peter Donnelly

    (University of Oxford
    University of Oxford)

  • Simon Myers

    (University of Oxford
    University of Oxford)

Abstract

The Iberian Peninsula is linguistically diverse and has a complex demographic history, including a centuries-long period of Muslim rule. Here, we study the fine-scale genetic structure of its population, and the genetic impacts of historical events, leveraging powerful, haplotype-based statistical methods to analyse 1413 individuals from across Spain. We detect extensive fine-scale population structure at extremely fine scales (below 10 Km) in some regions, including Galicia. We identify a major east-west axis of genetic differentiation, and evidence of historical north to south population movement. We find regionally varying fractions of north-west African ancestry (0–11%) in modern-day Iberians, related to an admixture event involving European-like and north-west African-like source populations. We date this event to 860–1120 CE, implying greater genetic impacts in the early half of Muslim rule in Iberia. Together, our results indicate clear genetic impacts of population movements associated with both the Muslim conquest and the subsequent Reconquista.

Suggested Citation

  • Clare Bycroft & Ceres Fernandez-Rozadilla & Clara Ruiz-Ponte & Inés Quintela & Ángel Carracedo & Peter Donnelly & Simon Myers, 2019. "Patterns of genetic differentiation and the footprints of historical migrations in the Iberian Peninsula," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:10:y:2019:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-018-08272-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08272-w
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    Cited by:

    1. Isabel Alves & Joanna Giemza & Michael G. B. Blum & Carolina Bernhardsson & Stéphanie Chatel & Matilde Karakachoff & Aude Pierre & Anthony F. Herzig & Robert Olaso & Martial Monteil & Véronique Gallie, 2024. "Human genetic structure in Northwest France provides new insights into West European historical demography," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Germán Sánchez-Díaz & Francisco Escobar & Ana Villaverde-Hueso & Manuel Posada de la Paz & Verónica Alonso-Ferreira, 2019. "Temporal and Cartographic Analyses of the Distribution within Spain of Mortality Due to Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (1984–2016)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-11, April.
    3. Soto-Oñate, David & Torrens, Gustavo, 2023. "Institutional-cultural coherence and economic development: The case of the Spanish regions," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(1), pages 41-89.

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