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Higher order effects in organic LEDs with sub-bandgap turn-on

Author

Listed:
  • Sebastian Engmann

    (Theiss Research
    National Institute of Standards and Technology)

  • Adam J. Barito

    (National Institute of Standards and Technology)

  • Emily G. Bittle

    (National Institute of Standards and Technology)

  • Noel C. Giebink

    (The Pennsylvania State University, Electrical Engineering West)

  • Lee J. Richter

    (National Institute of Standards and Technology)

  • David J. Gundlach

    (National Institute of Standards and Technology)

Abstract

Spin-dependent nonlinear processes in organic materials such as singlet-fission and triplet-triplet annihilation could increase the performance for photovoltaics, detectors, and light emitting diodes. Rubrene/C60 light emitting diodes exhibit a distinct low voltage (half-bandgap) threshold for emission. Two origins for the low voltage turn-on have been proposed: (i) Auger assisted energy up-conversion, and (ii) triplet-triplet annihilation. We test these proposals by systematically altering the rubrene/C60 interface kinetics by introducing thin interlayers. Quantitative analysis of the unmodified rubrene/C60 device suggests that higher order processes can be ruled out as the origin of the sub-bandgap turn-on. Rather, band-to-band recombination is the most likely radiative recombination process. However, insertion of a bathocuproine layer yields a 3-fold increase in luminance compared to the unmodified device. This indicates that suppression of parasitic interface processes by judicious modification of the interface allows a triplet-triplet annihilation channel to be observed.

Suggested Citation

  • Sebastian Engmann & Adam J. Barito & Emily G. Bittle & Noel C. Giebink & Lee J. Richter & David J. Gundlach, 2019. "Higher order effects in organic LEDs with sub-bandgap turn-on," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:10:y:2019:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-018-08075-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08075-z
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    Cited by:

    1. Seiichiro Izawa & Masahiro Morimoto & Keisuke Fujimoto & Koki Banno & Yutaka Majima & Masaki Takahashi & Shigeki Naka & Masahiro Hiramoto, 2023. "Blue organic light-emitting diode with a turn-on voltage of 1.47 V," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    2. Yaxiao Lian & Dongchen Lan & Shiyu Xing & Bingbing Guo & Zhixiang Ren & Runchen Lai & Chen Zou & Baodan Zhao & Richard H. Friend & Dawei Di, 2022. "Ultralow-voltage operation of light-emitting diodes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.

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