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Undocumented Workers during Malaysia’s Movement Control Order (MCO)

Author

Listed:
  • Diana Peters

    (Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia)

  • Marja Azlima Omar

    (Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia)

  • Ramli Dollah

    (Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia)

  • Wan Shawaluddin Wan Hassan

    (Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia)

Abstract

Malaysia has a significant population of migrant labour force. Out of the 5.5 million migrant workers in the country, more than half are reported to be undocumented, with the state of Sabah being home to the highest population of undocumented migrant workers majority from the Philippines and Indonesia. Since the 1970s the scale of migration increased drastically with the arrival of large number of Muslim refugees from the war-torn southern Philippines, and economic migrants from rural areas of Indonesia, in hopes of achieving better economic and food security. This steady flow of foreign labour also coincided with the state’s economic development plan which saw labour intensive sectors such as constructions, plantation and timber boom. However, when the Covid-19 pandemic began to spread in Malaysia, job opportunities drastically reduced as the government pulled the brakes on almost all economic sectors and closed off the borders. The Movement Controlled Order (MCO) announced nationwide beginning 18 March 2020 thus increased the vulnerability of the undocumented irregular migrants, as the economic threat in the form of loss of wages and movement restrictions decreased the food security of this group. This paper looks at the ways in which three undocumented labourers and their families originating from Basilan, Philippines, survived during Malaysia’s MCO period as they were deserted by their employers. Abandoned at their work sites, and receiving no pay for the duration of the three months MCO, this article looks at the vulnerable position of these undocumented labourers during the Covid-19 pandemic as they dealt with the issue of food security.

Suggested Citation

  • Diana Peters & Marja Azlima Omar & Ramli Dollah & Wan Shawaluddin Wan Hassan, 2022. "Undocumented Workers during Malaysia’s Movement Control Order (MCO)," Migration Letters, Migration Letters, vol. 19(2), pages 107-121, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:mig:journl:v:19:y:2022:i:2:p:107-121
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.33182/ml.v19i2.1280
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    Cited by:

    1. Adi Jafar & Ramli Dollah & Ramzah Dambul & Prabhat Mittal & Syahruddin Awang Ahmad & Nordin Sakke & Mohammad Tahir Mapa & Eko Prayitno Joko & Oliver Valentine Eboy & Lindah Roziani Jamru & Andika Ab. , 2022. "Virtual Learning during COVID-19: Exploring Challenges and Identifying Highly Vulnerable Groups Based on Location," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-16, September.
    2. Adi Jafar & Ramli Dollah & Prabhat Mittal & Asmady Idris & Jong Eop Kim & Mohd Syariefudin Abdullah & Eko Prayitno Joko & Dayangku Norasyikin Awang Tejuddin & Nordin Sakke & Noor Syakirah Zakaria & Mo, 2023. "Readiness and Challenges of E-Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic Era: A Space Analysis in Peninsular Malaysia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-15, January.

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