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Decomposition of Redistributive Effects of Japanese Personal Income Tax, 1984-2009

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  • Takeshi Miyazaki
  • Yukinobu Kitamura

Abstract

This study examines how changes in the rate structure, deductions, and tax credits for personal income tax affect the inequality of posttax income, using micro data on Japanese households. The main contribution is the use of the fixed-income approach to assess the decomposed redistributive effects of the personal income tax. Several insights are obtained. First, the redistributive effects of the Japanese income tax declined during 1984-2009. Second, base effects substantially exceeded rate effects over this period. Third, credit effects greatly decreased the redistributive effect, as Japanese tax credits were proportional to tax liabilities with upper limits.

Suggested Citation

  • Takeshi Miyazaki & Yukinobu Kitamura, 2016. "Decomposition of Redistributive Effects of Japanese Personal Income Tax, 1984-2009," FinanzArchiv: Public Finance Analysis, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, vol. 72(3), pages 334-368, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:mhr:finarc:urn:sici:0015-2218(201609)72:3_334:doreoj_2.0.tx_2-g
    DOI: 10.1628/001522108X14677232484086
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ohno, Taro & Sakamaki, Junpei & Kojima, Daizo & Imahori, Tomotsugu, 2021. "Effects of deductions on the tax burden reduction and the redistribution of the income and resident taxes," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    2. Lukas Reiss & Philip Schuster, 2020. "Explaining the evolution of the Austrian implicit tax rate on labor from 1976 to 2016," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 47(2), pages 303-341, May.
    3. Taro Ohno & Junpei Sakamaki & Daizo Kojima, 2020. "Factor decomposition of changes in the tax base for income tax," Discussion papers ron331, Policy Research Institute, Ministry of Finance Japan.
    4. Taro Ohno & Junpei Sakamaki & Author-Name:Daizo Kojima, 2021. "Effects of Deductions on the Tax Burden Reduction and the Redistribution of the Income and Resident Taxes," Discussion papers ron338, Policy Research Institute, Ministry of Finance Japan.
    5. Miyazaki, Takeshi & Kitamura, Yukinobu & 北村, 行伸 & Ohno, Taro, 2016. "Tax Reforms, Redistribution and Population Aging : Evidence from Japan," Discussion Paper Series 645, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
    6. Vanesa Jorda & Jose M. Alonso, 2020. "What works to mitigate and reduce relative (and absolute) inequality?: A systematic review," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2020-152, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    base effect; personal income tax; rate effect; redistribution;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D3 - Microeconomics - - Distribution
    • H2 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies

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