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Excessive Liquidity and Bank Lending in China

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  • Xinhua Liu
  • L. Wray

Abstract

This paper analyzes two contending views of money and excess liquidity at both the theoretical and the practical levels. We relate the analysis to China's skyrocketing credit expansion in 2009 and its relationship with the housing market boom. The conventional view is that such a bubble is highly dangerous and is largely caused by great sums of "excess liquidity," which, in turn, induced Chinese banks to lend funds. This supposedly fueled the fire in real estate markets and also pushed up the stock market. However, it is unclear what "excess liquidity" is and where it comes from. Also remaining unresolved are questions about how it is affecting the real economy and what should—or could—China do to deal with such problems. We will attempt to illustrate China's "excess liquidity" situation within the framework of post-Keynesian-Chartalist "modern money" theory and will conclude that China's liquidity "dilemma" is almost much ado about nothing. However, China does face a longer term problem mainly caused by its foreign exchange regime and its overdependence on external demand. Although not as harmful as many have argued, solving this problem will require thorough understanding of the properties of modern money and of associated policy reforms. We believe that China, with its sovereign currency, can overcome these problems and can switch to a much more sustainable internal demand-driven full employment development path.

Suggested Citation

  • Xinhua Liu & L. Wray, 2010. "Excessive Liquidity and Bank Lending in China," International Journal of Political Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(3), pages 45-63.
  • Handle: RePEc:mes:ijpoec:v:39:y:2010:i:3:p:45-63
    DOI: 10.2753/IJP0891-1916390303
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    Cited by:

    1. Amir, Md. Khaled, 2019. "Does Excess Bank Liquidity Impact Non-Performing Loan? A Study on Bangladeshi Economy," MPRA Paper 101150, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 10 Aug 2019.
    2. Gabrieli, Tommaso & Panagiotidis, Theodore & Xu, Yishuang, 2019. "Pair-wise convergence of intra-city house prices in Beijing," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 20(C).
    3. Tommaso Gabrieli & Keith Pilbeam & Tianyu Wang, 2018. "Estimation of bubble dynamics in the Chinese real estate market: a State space model," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 15(2), pages 483-499, April.
    4. Nguyen, Vu Hong Thai & Boateng, Agyenim, 2015. "Bank excess reserves in emerging economies: A critical review and research agenda," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 158-166.
    5. Chen, Ting-Hsuan & Chou, Hsiu-Hsia & Chang, Yuan & Fang, Hao, 2015. "The effect of excess lending on bank liquidity : Evidence from China," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 54-68.

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