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How Did Free Trade Reshape the Transitional China? Evidence from Heterogeneous Exporters and Firm-Level Pollution Emissions

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  • Ling-Yun He
  • Xi Lin
  • Qiren Liu

Abstract

China’s economic development has entered a period of transformation. Does trade liberalization reshape transitional China? In this study, from the perspectives of heterogeneous exporters and firm-level pollution emissions, we employ the data of 372,861 samples from China’s manufacturing to empirically investigate the impacts of trade liberalization on China’s economic transformation. Our results indicate that both import and export liberalization significantly change the behaviors of Chinese exporters, and aggravates pollution emissions. The underlying mechanisms include scale, factor composition and technique effects by trade liberalization. In addition, trade liberalization has heterogeneous impacts on different types of firms, which refers to ownership reforms, manufacturing sector upgrades and regional-coordinated development that are the part of China’s economic transformation. Altogether, our findings provide important evidences on the impacts of trade liberalization on China’s economic transformation and firm-level pollution emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Ling-Yun He & Xi Lin & Qiren Liu, 2020. "How Did Free Trade Reshape the Transitional China? Evidence from Heterogeneous Exporters and Firm-Level Pollution Emissions," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 56(8), pages 1651-1676, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:mes:emfitr:v:56:y:2020:i:8:p:1651-1676
    DOI: 10.1080/1540496X.2019.1620101
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    Cited by:

    1. Banerjee, Soumendra Nath & Roy, Jayjit & Yasar, Mahmut, 2021. "Exporting and pollution abatement expenditure: Evidence from firm-level data," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    2. Xi Lin & Ling‐Yun He, 2023. "‘Going global’ and pollution in home country: Evidence from Chinese industrial firms," Economics of Transition and Institutional Change, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(4), pages 1135-1174, October.
    3. Yiming Zhang & Zuoliang Ye & Kaijun Gan, 2024. "Trade Liberalization and Pollutant Emissions: Micro Evidence from Chinese Manufacturing Firms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-21, August.
    4. Xi Lin & Ling-Yun He, 2023. "The More the Merrier? Evidence from Firm-Level Exports and Environmental Performance in China," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 84(1), pages 125-172, January.
    5. He, Ling-Yun & Huang, Geng, 2023. "Can importing improve the energy efficiency? Theory and evidence from Chinese industrial firms," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 451-469.
    6. Huang, Geng & He, Ling-Yun & Lin, Xi, 2023. "Deterioration or improvement? Intermediate product import and enterprises' environmental performance," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 139-150.
    7. Ling-Yun He & Kai-Lin Cai, 2023. "Going Green: Evidence from Product-Level Exports and Firms’ Environmental Performance in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-19, October.
    8. Jingbo Cui & On Kit Tam & Bei Wang & Yan Zhang, 2020. "The environmental effect of trade liberalization: Evidence from China's manufacturing firms," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(12), pages 3357-3383, December.
    9. He, Ling-Yun & Huang, Geng, 2021. "How can export improve firms’ energy efficiency? The role of innovation investment," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 90-97.
    10. He, Ling-Yun & Huang, Geng, 2022. "Are China's trade interests overestimated? Evidence from firms’ importing behavior and pollution emissions," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).

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