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Urbanization, Air Quality, and the Panel Threshold Effect in China Based on Kernel Density Estimation

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  • Shijin Wang
  • Guihong Hua
  • Cunfang Li

Abstract

The dynamic evolution of urbanization was analyzed in panel data for 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2014, by using kernel density estimation across China’s regions. Using STIRPAT modeling, the study also analyzed the effects of economic growth and urbanization on PM2.5 with respect to the eastern, central, and western regions, and the entire nation. Different relationships were found among regions. The economic growth, population, energy consumption structure, industrialization, and FDI were the key factors influencing air quality. Verification of the EKC curve indicated that the central region was linear, and the other regions had an inverted N-shape. The dynamic evolution of urbanization and the air quality were also analyzed with a panel threshold regression model. Urbanization in China has a triple threshold for air quality as an economic growth threshold. There were significant double thresholds in the eastern, central, and western regions. In view of the above analysis, policies and recommendations are proposed regarding how to change the mode of economic development and narrow the urbanization gap among regions to reduce air pollutant emissions and facilitate sustainable development.

Suggested Citation

  • Shijin Wang & Guihong Hua & Cunfang Li, 2019. "Urbanization, Air Quality, and the Panel Threshold Effect in China Based on Kernel Density Estimation," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(15), pages 3575-3590, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:mes:emfitr:v:55:y:2019:i:15:p:3575-3590
    DOI: 10.1080/1540496X.2019.1665016
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    Cited by:

    1. Wendong Zhu & Dahai Li & Limin Han, 2022. "Spatial–Temporal Evolution and Sustainable Type Division of Fishery Science and Technology Innovation Efficiency in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-19, June.
    2. Haider Mahmood & Maham Furqan & Muhammad Shahid Hassan & Soumen Rej, 2023. "The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Hypothesis in China: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-32, April.
    3. Ming Hao & Gang Li & Changyou Chen & Liutao Liang, 2022. "A Coupling Relationship between New-Type Urbanization and Tourism Resource Conversion Efficiency: A Case Study of the Yellow River Basin in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-24, October.
    4. Zhilun Jiao & Ningning Yu & Xiaofan Wu, 2024. "Disentangling the Intelligentization–Carbon Emission Nexus within China’s Logistics Sector: An Econometric Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-22, August.
    5. Meiling Wang & Silu Pang & Ikram Hmani & Ilham Hmani & Cunfang Li & Zhengxia He, 2021. "Towards sustainable development: How does technological innovation drive the increase in green total factor productivity?," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(1), pages 217-227, January.
    6. Zhen Shi & Yingju Wu & Yung‐ho Chiu & Qinghua Pang & Lina Zhang, 2023. "Assessing city sustainable development—Residents' quality of life from the perspective of sustainable development goals and spatiotemporal evolution," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(3), pages 1456-1474, June.

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