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Quadrants of invention: Individual patent applications as unutilized resource of innovative capacity

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  • Irina Ervits

    (Department of International Business, CBS Cologne Business School, Köln, Germany)

Abstract

Objective: This paper emphasizes the importance of isolating individual invention from organizational inventors such as private companies or universities. It is an explorative study of the cross-county levels of individual patenting as an indicator of innovative capacity. Innovative capacity at the national level is linked to economic development. Thus, we investigate the relationship between different types of patent applications and GDP per capita in a sample of developed and developing economies. Research Design & Methods: We screened 600,000 Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) applications for three years (2013-2015) using a unique selection procedure able to separate different types of filings.Findings: Countries with higher levels of individual patenting tend to have lower levels of economic development. Economic progress is driven by corporate or other forms of organizational inventors and their inventions have a better chance of transitioning into innovation. At the macro level, individual patenting vis-à-vis patents filed by organizations reflects unutilized innovative potential rather than innovative output.Contribution & Value Added: For the first time we demonstrate that high levels of individual patenting are more characteristic of developing rather than developed economies. The percentage of individual patent applications is an important indicator of national innovative capacity.

Suggested Citation

  • Irina Ervits, 2020. "Quadrants of invention: Individual patent applications as unutilized resource of innovative capacity," International Entrepreneurship Review, Centre for Strategic and International Entrepreneurship at the Cracow University of Economics., vol. 6(1), pages 7-27.
    • Handle: RePEc:krk:ientre:v:6:y:2020:i:1:p:7-27
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    File URL: https://ier.uek.krakow.pl/index.php/pm/article/view/1966/2096
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. El¿bieta Roszko-Wójtowicz & Barbara Dañska-Borsiak & Maria M. Grzelak & Aleksandra Pleœniarska, 2022. "In search of key determinants of innovativeness in the regions of the Visegrad group countries," Oeconomia Copernicana, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 13(4), pages 1015-1045, December.
    2. Leogrande, Angelo & Costantiello, Alberto & Laureti, Lucio, 2022. "The impact of patent applications on technological innovation in European countries," MPRA Paper 115346, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    patent statistics; individual inventors; unaffiliated inventors; invention; innovation; entrepreneurship;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
    • O34 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
    • O57 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development

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