Factors Shaping Trade in Agricultural Land in Poland

The aim of the research and the analysis, the results of which are presented in this paper, was to identify factors affecting trade in agricultural property in Poland. The data of the Agricultural Property Agency (APA) and the Central Statistical Office (CSO) were used. Moreover, direct research among farmers of Warmia and Mazury Voivodeship was carried out. Among others, market factors (e.g. the size of the resource determining the supply side, the demand for land, price), legal regulations of particular forms of land use, transaction costs, as well as those properties that result from the specificity of the land as a resource (e.g. the lack of the possibility to enlarge it, the lack of the possibility to move it) were identified. In the regions where the state agriculture prevailed in the past (e.g. the analysed Warmia and Mazury Voivodeship), in addition to the private market (between neighbours), the national market of agricultural land operates (the land of the State Treasury, which is managed by the APA). These markets penetrate each other, the more the greater the entitlements for the APA are. Following western countries, the current task for agricultural policy in Poland is the development, adoption and implementation of the law concerning agricultural lease