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Tollroads are only part of the overall trip: the error of our ways in past willingness to pay studies

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  • John Rose
  • David Hensher

Abstract

With rare exception, actual tollroad traffic in many countries has failed to reproduce forecast traffic levels, regardless of whether the assessment is made after an initial year of operation or as long as 10 years after opening. Pundits have offered many reasons for this divergence, including optimism bias, strategic misrepresentation, the promise to equity investors of early returns on investment, errors in land use forecasts, and specific assumptions underlying the traffic assignment models used to develop traffic forecasts. One such assumption is the selection of a behaviourally meaningful value of travel time savings (VTTS) for use in a generalised cost or generalised time user benefit expression that is the main behavioural feature of the traffic assignment (route choice) model. Numerous empirical studies using stated choice experiments have designed choice sets of alternatives as if users choose a tolled route or a free route under the (implied) assumption that the tolled route is tolled for the entire trip. Reality is often very different, with a high incidence of use of a non-tolled road leading into and connecting out of a tolled link. In this paper we recognise this feature of route choice and redesign the stated choice experiment to account for it. Furthermore, this study is a follow up to a previous study undertaken before a new toll road was in place, and it benefits from real exposure to the new toll road. We find that the VTTS is noticeably reduced, and if the VTTS is a significant contributing influence on errors on traffic forecasts, then the lower estimates make sense behaviourally. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014

Suggested Citation

  • John Rose & David Hensher, 2014. "Tollroads are only part of the overall trip: the error of our ways in past willingness to pay studies," Transportation, Springer, vol. 41(4), pages 819-837, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:transp:v:41:y:2014:i:4:p:819-837
    DOI: 10.1007/s11116-013-9494-1
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    Cited by:

    1. Saxena, N. & Rashidi, T.H. & Dixit, V.V. & Waller, S.T., 2019. "Modelling the route choice behaviour under stop-&-go traffic for different car driver segments," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 62-72.
    2. Tabasi, Maliheh & Rose, John M. & Pellegrini, Andrea & Hossein Rashidi, Taha, 2024. "An empirical investigation of the distribution of travellers’ willingness-to-pay: A comparison between a parametric and nonparametric approach," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 312-321.
    3. Juan Gomez & Anestis Papanikolaou & José Manuel Vassallo, 2017. "Users’ perceptions and willingness to pay in interurban toll roads: identifying differences across regions from a nationwide survey in Spain," Transportation, Springer, vol. 44(3), pages 449-474, May.
    4. Andani, I Gusti Ayu & La Paix Puello, Lissy & Geurs, Karst, 2021. "Modelling effects of changes in travel time and costs of toll road usage on choices for residential location, route and travel mode across population segments in the Jakarta-Bandung region, Indonesia," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 81-102.
    5. Hensher, David A. & Ho, Chinh Q. & Liu, Wen, 2016. "How much is too much for tolled road users: Toll saturation and the implications for car commuting value of travel time savings?," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 604-621.
    6. Ricardo Ferreira Reis & Joaquim Miranda Sarmento, 2019. "“Cutting costs to the bone”: the Portuguese experience in renegotiating public private partnerships highways during the financial crisis," Transportation, Springer, vol. 46(1), pages 285-302, February.

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