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The Use of Base Rate Information as a Function of Experienced Consistency

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  • Philip Dunwoody
  • Adam Goodie
  • Robert Mahan

Abstract

Three experiments examine the effect of base rate consistency under direct experience. Base rate consistency was manipulated by blocking trials and setting base rate choice reinforcement to be either consistent or inconsistent across trial blocks. Experiment 1 shows that, contrary to the usual finding, participants use base rate information more than individuating information when it is consistent, but less when it is inconsistent. In Experiment 2, this effect was replicated, and transferred in verbal questions posed subsequently. Despite experience with consistent base rates increasing sensitivity to base rates in word problems, verbal responses were far from normative. In Experiment 3, participants’ use of base rates was once again moderated by its consistency, but this effect was itself moderated by the diagnosticity of base rate information. Participants were highly accurate in estimating experienced base rates. These studies demonstrate that base rate usage is complex and a function of how base rates are presented (experienced versus summary statistics) and response format (choice proportions versus probability estimates). Knowledge of base rates was insufficient for proper usage in verbal word problems. Although choice proportions showed a sophisticated sensitivity to experienced base rate information, participants seemed unable to demonstrate a similar sophistication when given typical word problems indicating that base rate neglect is a function of information representation and not an inherent processing bias. Copyright Springer 2005

Suggested Citation

  • Philip Dunwoody & Adam Goodie & Robert Mahan, 2005. "The Use of Base Rate Information as a Function of Experienced Consistency," Theory and Decision, Springer, vol. 59(4), pages 307-344, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:theord:v:59:y:2005:i:4:p:307-344
    DOI: 10.1007/s11238-005-0946-8
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    1. repec:cup:judgdm:v:12:y:2017:i:4:p:369-381 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. repec:cup:judgdm:v:4:y:2009:i:2:p:116-125 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Philip T. Dunwoody, 2009. "Theories of truth as assessment criteria in judgment and decision making," Judgment and Decision Making, Society for Judgment and Decision Making, vol. 4(2), pages 116-125, March.
    4. Barbara A. Mellers & Joshua D. Baker & Eva Chen & David R. Mandel & Philip E. Tetlock, 2017. "How generalizable is good judgment? A multi-task, multi-benchmark study," Judgment and Decision Making, Society for Judgment and Decision Making, vol. 12(4), pages 369-381, July.

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