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How does agency workforce diversity influence Federal R&D funding of minority and women technology entrepreneurs? An analysis of the SBIR and STTR programs, 2001–2011

Author

Listed:
  • Amol M. Joshi

    (Oregon State University)

  • Todd M. Inouye

    (Niagara University)

  • Jeffrey A. Robinson

    (Rutgers University)

Abstract

US Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) programs provide Federal research and development (R&D) grants to technology ventures. We explore how grantor demographic diversity explains why demographically diverse grantees experience different odds for successfully transitioning from initial to follow-on R&D grants. We empirically analyze 52,126 Phase I SBIR/STTR awards granted by 11 Federal agencies (2001–2011). We find a positive association between agency workforce diversity and Phase II funding for Phase I grantees, but minority and women technology entrepreneurs are less likely to receive this funding than their non-minority and male counterparts. Agencies valuing workforce ethnic diversity or leveraging gender homophily positively influence the likelihood of women technology entrepreneurs obtaining Phase II funding. We discuss evidence-based implications for policy and practice.

Suggested Citation

  • Amol M. Joshi & Todd M. Inouye & Jeffrey A. Robinson, 2018. "How does agency workforce diversity influence Federal R&D funding of minority and women technology entrepreneurs? An analysis of the SBIR and STTR programs, 2001–2011," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 50(3), pages 499-519, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:sbusec:v:50:y:2018:i:3:d:10.1007_s11187-017-9882-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s11187-017-9882-6
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    Cited by:

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    2. Nasirov, Shukhrat & Joshi, Amol M., 2023. "Minding the communications gap: How can universities signal the availability and value of their scientific knowledge to commercial organizations?," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(9).
    3. Lanahan, Lauren & Joshi, Amol M. & Johnson, Evan, 2021. "Do public R&D subsidies produce jobs? Evidence from the SBIR/STTR program," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(7).
    4. Steven Bednar & Dora Gicheva & Albert N. Link, 2021. "Innovative activity and gender dynamics," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 56(4), pages 1591-1599, April.
    5. Indu Khurana & Daniel J. Lee, 2023. "Gender bias in high stakes pitching: an NLP approach," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 60(2), pages 485-502, February.
    6. Johnson, Evan & Hemmatian, Iman & Lanahan, Lauren & Joshi, Amol M., 2022. "A Framework and Databases for Measuring Entrepreneurial Ecosystems," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(2).
    7. Johnson, Evan E. & Hemmatian, Iman & Lanahan, Lauren & Joshi, Amol M., 2022. "A framework and databases for measuring entrepreneurial ecosystems," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(9).
    8. Jeffrey O’Neal London & Nasir Jamil Sheikh, 2020. "Innovation in African-American high-tech enterprises: a multi-agent approach," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 7(4), pages 3101-3121, June.
    9. Youngbok Ryu & Toshiyuki Sueyoshi, 2021. "Examining the Relationship between the Economic Performance of Technology-Based Small Suppliers and Socially Sustainable Procurement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-23, June.

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