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Universities and Technology Transfer in Japan: Recent Reforms in Historical Perspective

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  • Collins, Steven
  • Wakoh, Hikoji

Abstract

The Japanese government has embarked on a series of reforms aimed at stimulating technology transfer from universities to industry. As a result, technology licensing offices are springing up at many national universities. Advocates hope that these reforms will increase the level of university patenting and licensing, which historically has not been a common mode of technology transfer in Japan. Their model is the technology licensing process in the United States, which acquired its present form after passage of the Bayh-Dole Technology Transfer Act of 1950. Such changes face serious historical and institutional barriers. Academic researchers, especially in engineering and physical science, have a long record of collaborative research with industry. Decisions about patenting, however, were usually left to the corporate partner; universities rarely filed for patents under their own name, nor have they, until recently, encouraged or assisted faculty researchers in doing so. Consequently, we believe that current reforms, by going against the grain of past practices, will take time to achieve the hoped for results. Copyright 2000 by Kluwer Academic Publishers

Suggested Citation

  • Collins, Steven & Wakoh, Hikoji, 2000. "Universities and Technology Transfer in Japan: Recent Reforms in Historical Perspective," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 25(2), pages 213-222, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:jtecht:v:25:y:2000:i:2:p:213-22
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Nobuya Fukugawa, 2013. "University spillovers into small technology-based firms: channel, mechanism, and geography," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 38(4), pages 415-431, August.
    2. Amit Shovon Ray & Sabyasachi Saha, "undated". "Patenting Public-Funded Research for Technology Transfer: A Conceptual-Empirical Synthesis of US Evidence and Lessons for India," Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi Working Papers 244, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi, India.
    3. Gabriela Fernandes & Joana Domingues & Anabela Tereso & Camilo Micán & Madalena Araújo, 2022. "Risk Management in University–Industry R&D Collaboration Programs: A Stakeholder Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-19, December.
    4. Viju Raghupathi & Wullianallur Raghupathi, 2019. "Exploring science-and-technology-led innovation: a cross-country study," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 1-45, December.
    5. Ramya Ravi & Manthan D. Janodia, 2022. "University-Industry Technology Transfer in India: a Plausible Model Based on Success Stories from the USA, Japan, and Israel," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 13(2), pages 1692-1713, June.
    6. Victoria Galan-Muros & Todd Davey, 2019. "The UBC ecosystem: putting together a comprehensive framework for university-business cooperation," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 44(4), pages 1311-1346, August.
    7. Barry Bozeman & Daniel Fay & Catherine Slade, 2013. "Research collaboration in universities and academic entrepreneurship: the-state-of-the-art," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 38(1), pages 1-67, February.
    8. Nobuya Fukugawa, 2011. "Impacts and channels of university spillovers before the national innovation system reform in Japan," International Journal of Transitions and Innovation Systems, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 1(4), pages 383-393.

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