IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/kap/jproda/v63y2025i1d10.1007_s11123-024-00734-2.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Constant returns-to-scale production technologies with fixed ratio inputs and outputs

Author

Listed:
  • Ole Bent Olesen

    (The University of Southern Denmark)

  • Grammatoula Papaioannou

    (Loughborough University)

  • Victor V. Podinovski

    (Loughborough University)

Abstract

In practical applications of data envelopment analysis, inputs and outputs are often stated as ratio measures, including various percentages and proportions characterizing the production process. Such ratio measures are inconsistent with the basic assumptions of convexity and scalability required by the conventional variable and constant returns-to-scale (VRS and CRS) models. This issue has been addressed by the development of the Ratio-VRS (R-VRS) and Ratio-CRS (R-CRS) models of technology, both of which can incorporate volume and ratio inputs and outputs. In this paper, we provide a detailed standalone development of the special case of the R-CRS technology, referred to as the F-CRS technology, in which all ratio inputs and outputs are of the fixed type. Such ratio measures can be used to represent environmental and quality characteristics of the production process that stay constant while simultaneously allowing the scaling of the volume of production. We illustrate the use of the F-CRS technology by an application in the context of school education.

Suggested Citation

  • Ole Bent Olesen & Grammatoula Papaioannou & Victor V. Podinovski, 2025. "Constant returns-to-scale production technologies with fixed ratio inputs and outputs," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 63(1), pages 37-48, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:jproda:v:63:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1007_s11123-024-00734-2
    DOI: 10.1007/s11123-024-00734-2
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11123-024-00734-2
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11123-024-00734-2?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:kap:jproda:v:63:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1007_s11123-024-00734-2. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.