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Redistricting in a GIS environment: An optimisation algorithm using switching-points

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  • W. Macmillan

    (School of Geography, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TB, UK (e-mail: bill.macmillan@geog.ox.ac.uk))

Abstract

. This paper gives details of an algorithm whose purpose is to partition a set of populated zones into contiguous regions in order to minimise the difference in population size between the regions. The algorithm, known as SARA, uses simulated annealing and a new method for checking the contiguity of regions. It is the latter which allows the algorithm to be used to tackle large problems with modest computing resources. The paper describes the new contiguity checking procedure, based on the concept of switching points, and compares it with the connectivity method developed by Openshaw and Rao [1]. It goes on to give a detailed description of the algorithm, then concludes with a brief discussion of possible extensions to accommodate additional zone-design criteria.

Suggested Citation

  • W. Macmillan, 2001. "Redistricting in a GIS environment: An optimisation algorithm using switching-points," Journal of Geographical Systems, Springer, vol. 3(2), pages 167-180, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:jgeosy:v:3:y:2001:i:2:d:10.1007_pl00011473
    DOI: 10.1007/PL00011473
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    Cited by:

    1. Juan Carlos Duque & Raúl Ramos & Jordi Suriñach, 2007. "Supervised Regionalization Methods: A Survey," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 30(3), pages 195-220, July.
    2. Barry Burden & Corwin Smidt, 2020. "Evaluating Legislative Districts Using Measures of Partisan Bias and Simulations," SAGE Open, , vol. 10(4), pages 21582440209, December.
    3. L. Sedda & P. Atkinson & E. Barca & G. Passarella, 2012. "Imputing censored data with desirable spatial covariance function properties using simulated annealing," Journal of Geographical Systems, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 265-282, July.
    4. Christian Haas & Lee Hachadoorian & Steven O Kimbrough & Peter Miller & Frederic Murphy, 2020. "Seed-Fill-Shift-Repair: A redistricting heuristic for civic deliberation," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(9), pages 1-34, September.
    5. Douglas M. King & Sheldon H. Jacobson & Edward C. Sewell & Wendy K. Tam Cho, 2012. "Geo-Graphs: An Efficient Model for Enforcing Contiguity and Hole Constraints in Planar Graph Partitioning," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 60(5), pages 1213-1228, October.
    6. Miguel Ángel Gutiérrez-Andrade & Eric Alfredo Rincón-García & Sergio Gerardo de-los-Cobos-Silva & Pedro Lara-Velázquez & Roman Anselmo Mora-Gutiérrez & Antonin Ponsich, 2019. "Simulated Annealing and Artificial Bee Colony for the Redistricting Process in Mexico," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 49(3), pages 189-200, May.

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