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CITES and the Zoonotic Disease Content in International Wildlife Trade

Author

Listed:
  • Stefan Borsky

    (University of Graz)

  • Hannah Hennighausen

    (University of Graz)

  • Andrea Leiter

    (University of Innsbruck)

  • Keith Williges

    (University of Graz)

Abstract

International trade in wildlife is one contributing factor to zoonotic disease risk. Using descriptive statistics, this paper shows that in the last decades, the volume and pattern of internationally traded wildlife has changed considerably and, with it, the zoonotic pathogens that are traded. In an econometric analysis, we give evidence that an international environmental trade agreement could be used to limit the spread of zoonotic pathogens and disease. More specifically, combining zoonotic disease data with wildlife trade data from the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wildlife and Fauna (CITES), we show that making trade requirements more stringent leads to a decrease in the number of animals traded and, incidentally, also the number of zoonotic diseases that are traded. Our results contribute to the discussion of policy measures that manage the spread of zoonotic diseases.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefan Borsky & Hannah Hennighausen & Andrea Leiter & Keith Williges, 2020. "CITES and the Zoonotic Disease Content in International Wildlife Trade," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 76(4), pages 1001-1017, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:enreec:v:76:y:2020:i:4:d:10.1007_s10640-020-00456-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s10640-020-00456-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Richard Horan & Christopher Wolf & Eli Fenichel & Kenneth Mathews, 2008. "Joint Management of Wildlife and Livestock Disease," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 41(1), pages 47-70, September.
    2. Phaedra Doukakis & Ellen K Pikitch & Anna Rothschild & Rob DeSalle & George Amato & Sergios-Orestis Kolokotronis, 2012. "Testing the Effectiveness of an International Conservation Agreement: Marketplace Forensics and CITES Caviar Trade Regulation," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(7), pages 1-9, July.
    3. Baltagi, Badi H. & Egger, Peter & Pfaffermayr, Michael, 2008. "Estimating regional trade agreement effects on FDI in an interdependent world," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 145(1-2), pages 194-208, July.
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    5. David M. Morens & Gregory K. Folkers & Anthony S. Fauci, 2004. "The challenge of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases," Nature, Nature, vol. 430(6996), pages 242-249, July.
    6. Nathan D. Wolfe & Claire Panosian Dunavan & Jared Diamond, 2007. "Origins of major human infectious diseases," Nature, Nature, vol. 447(7142), pages 279-283, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kirsten Davies & Michelle Lim & Tianbao Qin & Philip Riordan, 2022. "CHANS-Law: preventing the next pandemic through the integration of social and environmental law," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 577-597, September.
    2. Barbier, Edward B., 2021. "Habitat loss and the risk of disease outbreak," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    3. Zhiqiang Zhao & Meng Cai & Thomas Connor & Min Gon Chung & Jianguo Liu, 2020. "Metacoupled Tourism and Wildlife Translocations Affect Synergies and Trade-Offs among Sustainable Development Goals across Spillover Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-22, September.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Zoonotic diseases; International wildlife trade; CITES; Gravity model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F18 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Environment
    • F53 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations
    • Q27 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Issues in International Trade
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming

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