IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/jas/jasssj/2007-96-2.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Emergence and Collapse of Peace with Friend Selection Strategies

Author

Abstract

A society consisting of agents who can freely choose to attack or not to attack others inevitably evolves into a battling society (a 'war of all against all'). We investigated whether strategies based on C. Schmitt's concept of the political, the distinction of a friend and an enemy, lead to the emergence and collapse of social order. Especially, we propose 'friend selection strategies' (FSSs), one of which we called the 'us-TFT' (tit for tat) strategy, which requires an agent to regard one who did not attack him or his 'friends' as a 'friend'. We carried out evolutionary simulations on an artificial society consisting of FSS agents. As a result, we found that the us-TFT results in a peaceful society with the emergence of an us-TFT community. In addition, we found that the collapse of a peaceful society is triggered by another FSS strategy called a 'coward'.

Suggested Citation

  • Yutaka NAKAI & Masayoshi Muto, 2008. "Emergence and Collapse of Peace with Friend Selection Strategies," Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, vol. 11(3), pages 1-6.
    • Handle: RePEc:jas:jasssj:2007-96-2
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.jasss.org/11/3/6/6.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Axelrod, Robert, 1986. "An Evolutionary Approach to Norms," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 80(4), pages 1095-1111, December.
    2. Stephen Younger, 2005. "Reciprocity, Sanctions, and the Development of Mutual Obligation in Egalitarian Societies," Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, vol. 8(2), pages 1-9.
    3. Marco A. Janssen, 2006. "Evolution of Cooperation when Feedback to Reputation Scores is Voluntary," Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, vol. 9(1), pages 1-17.
    4. Jordi Sabater-Mir & Mario Paolucci & Rosaria Conte, 2006. "Repage: REPutation and ImAGE Among Limited Autonomous Partners," Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, vol. 9(2), pages 1-3.
    5. Cederman, Lars-Erik, 2003. "Modeling the Size of Wars: From Billiard Balls to Sandpiles," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 97(1), pages 135-150, February.
    6. Christian Hahn & Bettina Fley & Michael Florian & Daniela Spresny & Klaus Fischer, 2007. "Social Reputation: a Mechanism for Flexible Self-Regulation of Multiagent Systems," Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, vol. 10(1), pages 1-2.
    7. M.A. Nowak & K. Sigmund, 1998. "Evolution of Indirect Reciprocity by Image Scoring/ The Dynamics of Indirect Reciprocity," Working Papers ir98040, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis.
    8. Cristiano Castelfranchi & Rosaria Conte & Mario Paolucci, 1998. "Normative Reputation and the Costs of Compliance," Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, vol. 1(3), pages 1-3.
    9. Schelling, Thomas C, 1969. "Models of Segregation," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 59(2), pages 488-493, May.
    10. Nicole J. Saam & Andreas G. Harrer, 1999. "Simulating Norms, Social Inequality, and Functional Change in Artificial Societies," Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, vol. 2(1), pages 1-2.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Tatsuya Sasaki & Hitoshi Yamamoto & Isamu Okada & Satoshi Uchida, 2017. "The Evolution of Reputation-Based Cooperation in Regular Networks," Games, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-16, January.
    2. Isamu Okada, 2020. "A Review of Theoretical Studies on Indirect Reciprocity," Games, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-17, July.
    3. Wen Zhou & Nikita Koptyug & Shutao Ye & Yifan Jia & Xiaolong Lu, 2016. "An Extended N-Player Network Game and Simulation of Four Investment Strategies on a Complex Innovation Network," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(1), pages 1-18, January.
    4. Yutaka Nakai, 2014. "In-group favoritism due to friend selection strategies based on fixed tag and within-group reputation," Rationality and Society, , vol. 26(3), pages 320-354, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dirk Helbing & Anders Johansson, 2010. "Cooperation, Norms, and Revolutions: A Unified Game-Theoretical Approach," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 5(10), pages 1-15, October.
    2. Luis R. Izquierdo & Segismundo S. Izquierdo & José Manuel Galán & José Ignacio Santos, 2009. "Techniques to Understand Computer Simulations: Markov Chain Analysis," Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, vol. 12(1), pages 1-6.
    3. Peter Revay & Claudio Cioffi-Revilla, 2018. "Survey of evolutionary computation methods in social agent-based modeling studies," Journal of Computational Social Science, Springer, vol. 1(1), pages 115-146, January.
    4. Martin Neumann, 2008. "Homo Socionicus: a Case Study of Simulation Models of Norms," Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, vol. 11(4), pages 1-6.
    5. Luterbacher Urs & Sandi Carmen, 2014. "Breaking the Dynamics of Emotions and Fear in Conflict and Reconstruction," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 20(3), pages 479-522, August.
    6. Arefin, Md. Rajib & Tanimoto, Jun, 2024. "Coupling injunctive social norms with evolutionary games," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 466(C).
    7. Flaminio Squazzoni, 2010. "The impact of agent-based models in the social sciences after 15 years of incursions," History of Economic Ideas, Fabrizio Serra Editore, Pisa - Roma, vol. 18(2), pages 197-234.
    8. Mayuko Nakamaru & Akira Yokoyama, 2014. "The Effect of Ostracism and Optional Participation on the Evolution of Cooperation in the Voluntary Public Goods Game," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(9), pages 1-9, September.
    9. Elsenbroich, Corinna & Payette, Nicolas, 2020. "Choosing to cooperate: Modelling public goods games with team reasoning," Journal of choice modelling, Elsevier, vol. 34(C).
    10. Francesco C. Billari & Alexia Prskawetz & Johannes Fürnkranz, 2002. "The cultural evolution of age-at-marriage norms," MPIDR Working Papers WP-2002-018, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany.
    11. Misato Inaba & Nobuyuki Takahashi, 2019. "Linkage Based on the Kandori Norm Successfully Sustains Cooperation in Social Dilemmas," Games, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-15, February.
    12. Jason Barr & Troy Tassier, 2010. "Endogenous Neighborhood Selection and the Attainment of Cooperation in a Spatial Prisoner’s Dilemma Game," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 35(3), pages 211-234, March.
    13. Angelo Antoci & Luca Zarri, 2015. "Punish and perish?," Rationality and Society, , vol. 27(2), pages 195-223, May.
    14. Geoffrey Hodgson & Kainan Huang, 2012. "Evolutionary game theory and evolutionary economics: are they different species?," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 22(2), pages 345-366, April.
    15. Shimpei Koike & Mayuko Nakamaru & Tokinao Otaka & Hajime Shimao & Ken-Ichi Shimomura & Takehiko Yamato, 2018. "Reciprocity and exclusion in informal financial institutions: An experimental study of rotating savings and credit associations," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(8), pages 1-23, August.
    16. Hajime Shimao & Mayuko Nakamaru, 2013. "Strict or Graduated Punishment? Effect of Punishment Strictness on the Evolution of Cooperation in Continuous Public Goods Games," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(3), pages 1-10, March.
    17. Fabiola López y López & Michael Luck & Mark d’Inverno, 2006. "A normative framework for agent-based systems," Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, Springer, vol. 12(2), pages 227-250, October.
    18. Corinna Elsenbroich & Maria Xenitidou, 2012. "Three kinds of normative behaviour: minimal requirements for feedback models," Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 113-127, March.
    19. Fischer, Ilan & Sullivan, Oriel, 2007. "Evolutionary modeling of time-use vectors," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 62(1), pages 120-143, January.
    20. Andrew W. Bausch, 2014. "Evolving intergroup cooperation," Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, Springer, vol. 20(4), pages 369-393, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:jas:jasssj:2007-96-2. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Francesco Renzini (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.